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Gilkey - Inside Restless Earth - Ch.4

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Definition
Term
the amount of force per unit area that is put on a given material   stress  
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the type of stress that occurs when an object is squeezed   compression  
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the type of stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object   tension  
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when rock layers bend due to stress in the Earth's crust   folding  
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the surface along which rocks break and slide past each other   faults  
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blocks of crust on each side of the fault   fault block  
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the fault block that is above a fault   hanging wall  
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the fault block that is below a fault   footwall  
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a fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall - usually occur when tectonic forces cause tension that pulls rocks apart   normal fault  
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a fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot wall - usually happens when tectonic forces cause compression that pushes rocks together   reverse fault  
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faults that occur when opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally   strike-slip fault  
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mountains that form when rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upward   folded mountains  
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mountains that form when large blocks of the Earth's crust drop down relative to other blocks   fault-block mountains  
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mountains that form when molten rock erupts onto the Earth's surface   volcanic mountains  
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Created by: gilkey
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