OGT Science terms 164 cards a-z All Strands JHS KS
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abiotic | The nonliving parts of the environment
🗑
|
||||
| Acceleration | A change in speed (or velocity)
🗑
|
||||
| Acid | A chemical that reacts easily with other substances and turns litmus paper red; less than 7 on the pH scale
🗑
|
||||
| Adaptation | A feature of an organism that helps it meet a particular need in its natural habitat
🗑
|
||||
| Air massA | large body of air that has the same characteristics throughout
🗑
|
||||
| Allele | One of the forms of a gene that is found in pairs on a chromosome; Some alleles are dominant over others
🗑
|
||||
| Alloy | A mixture of metals (and sometimes non-metals) which forms one metallic substance; Brass is an alloy of zinc and copper
🗑
|
||||
| Atom | The smallest unit of a substance that has all of the properties of that substance
🗑
|
||||
| Atomic number | The number of protons in an atom
🗑
|
||||
| Bacteria | The kingdom of life which has no cell membrane or nucleus and is always unicellular
🗑
|
||||
| Base | A chemical that reacts easily with other substances and turns litmus paper blue; greater than 7 on the pH scale
🗑
|
||||
| Biogeochemical cycle | A way that a chemical element or molecule moves through both the biotic ("bio-") and abiotic ("geo-") parts of an ecosystem
🗑
|
||||
| Biome | A region of the world that has a particular climate and unique plants and animals that live there
🗑
|
||||
| Biotic | Anything that is alive
🗑
|
||||
| Bond | An electrical force that links atoms together
🗑
|
||||
| Carbohydrate | An essential chemical in all cells that is broken down to form sugars; glucose, sucrose, lactose, galactose
🗑
|
||||
| Carbon cycle | The flow of carbon dioxide and oxygen throughout the Earth Cell differentiation
🗑
|
||||
| Cell division | A process where one cell becomes more than one cell
🗑
|
||||
| Organelle | Parts of the cell that perform specific functions
🗑
|
||||
| Cellular respiration | The process where organisms get energy from organic molecules Ceramic
🗑
|
||||
| Chemical change | A change in a substance that results in a completely different substance or substances and cannot be undone
🗑
|
||||
| Chemical property | Describes the ability of a substance to react and form new substances Chemical reaction what occurs when one or more reactants combine to form one or more products
🗑
|
||||
| Chemosynthesis | The creation of carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water that only happens in certain bacteria and fungi
🗑
|
||||
| Chloroplast | Organelle in plants and some other organisms which is responsible for photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| Chromosome | A thread-like strand of DNA or RNA in the cell
🗑
|
||||
| Cilia | A hair-like organelle on the outside of a cell used in movement
🗑
|
||||
| Climate | The weather in some location over a long period of time
🗑
|
||||
| Cloning | The creation of genetically identical copies of some organism
🗑
|
||||
| Comet | A small, frozen object outside the earth which travels around the sun in an ellipse Commensalism
🗑
|
||||
| Conduction | The ability of a material to allow electricity or heat to pass through
🗑
|
||||
| Conserve | To keep the same through a physical or chemical reaction; energy is conserved in this process
🗑
|
||||
| Constant | Does not change
🗑
|
||||
| Convection | The process where heat causes fluids (gas or liquid) to rise and bring heat up Covalent
🗑
|
||||
| Bond | A type of chemical bond where electrons are shared between the atoms Cyclic Darwin
🗑
|
||||
| Deciduous forest | A biome where the trees lose their leaves every year
🗑
|
||||
| Deduction | A way of making scientific discoveries where general ideas are tested very specifically
🗑
|
||||
| Density | The mass of a substance per unit volume
🗑
|
||||
| Dissipate | To cause to separate and go in different directions
🗑
|
||||
| Dissolve | To cause to go into a solution
🗑
|
||||
| Diversity | The distribution and abundance of different plant and animal communities and species within a given area
🗑
|
||||
| DNA | Abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, which contains the genetic instructions for all forms of life
🗑
|
||||
| Ecosystem | An ecosystem is an area consisting of all plants, animals and micro-organisms (biotic factors) working together with all of the non-living (abiotic) factors of the environment
🗑
|
||||
| Electricity | Energy caused by the movement of electrons in a direction Electromagnetic radiation
🗑
|
||||
| Electromagnetic spectrum | The range of all possible electromagnetic radiation Electromagnetic waves
🗑
|
||||
| Electron | A negatively charged particle outside the nucleus of an atom
🗑
|
||||
| Element | A substance composed of atoms with the identical atomic number; organized in the periodic table
🗑
|
||||
| Endothermic | A chemical reaction that absorbs heat energy
🗑
|
||||
| Energy production | Since energy cannot be created or destroyed, this refers to getting energy into a more usable form
🗑
|
||||
| Energy transfer | Energy can be transferred from one place to another, but when this happens, energy is always lost
🗑
|
||||
| Energy | The property of something's ability to do work
🗑
|
||||
| Equilibrium | A system is at equilibrium when no change is occurring
🗑
|
||||
| Eukaryote | A type of organism that has a true nucleus in its cell(s) EvidenceKnowledge on which to base an idea or belief
🗑
|
||||
| Evolution | The events involved in the development over long periods of time of organisms
🗑
|
||||
| Exothermic | A chemical reaction that gives off heat energy
🗑
|
||||
| Extrusive | On the outside; when talking about rocks, extrusive rocks are formed on the surface of the Earth when lava cools
🗑
|
||||
| Family | The classification group above genus
🗑
|
||||
| Faulting | The creation of a crack in the surface of the Earth due to plate tectonics Fermentation
🗑
|
||||
| Fission | The splitting of an atomic nucleus that releases energy
🗑
|
||||
| Flagella | An organelle of some prokaryotes that allows for movement and resembles a tail
🗑
|
||||
| Fossil fuel | An energy source (fuel) made from ancient plant or animal remains (fossils)
🗑
|
||||
| Frequency | The amount of times something happens per second
🗑
|
||||
| Fungi | The kingdom of living things that are eukaryotic and make their own energy; mushrooms, yeast, molds
🗑
|
||||
| Fusion | The combination of two or more atomic nuclei that releases energy
🗑
|
||||
| Gametes | The cells that are responsible for sexual reproduction; sperm, eggs
🗑
|
||||
| Gamma ray | A form of electromagnetic radiation that has a very short wavelength and high frequency
🗑
|
||||
| Gene | The basic unit of heredity, composed of DNA and found on chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| Genetic variation | Changes between organisms that is based on their DNA
🗑
|
||||
| Genotype | The letters that represent the two alleles that make up a gene
🗑
|
||||
| Genus | A classification of living things that is more specific than the species
🗑
|
||||
| Geological | Referring to geology, the study of the Earth
🗑
|
||||
| Germ theory | The theory that says that diseases come from small organisms (germs)
🗑
|
||||
| Habitat | The environment that a species depends upon for its survival
🗑
|
||||
| Hardness | A scale that tells how hard a particular rock is; harder rock scratches softer rock
🗑
|
||||
| Helium | The second-lightest chemical element and found primarily in stars like the sun Heterozygous
🗑
|
||||
| Homeostasis | Maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism. Homozygous
🗑
|
||||
| Hybrid | A combination of two different things; in genetics, this refers to the cross between a homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive individual to form heterozygous individuals; BB x bb = Bb
🗑
|
||||
| Hydrogen | The lightest chemical element and the main fuel in stars like the sun Hypothesis
🗑
|
||||
| Igneous | Rock that is formed from cooled magma (intrusive rock) or lava (extrusive rock)
🗑
|
||||
| Infrared | A part of the electromagnetic spectrum that has less energy than visible light; it is the radiation that heat gives off
🗑
|
||||
| Inquiry | The process where information is received by asking questions
🗑
|
||||
| Ion | A charged particle that either has more or less electrons than protons
🗑
|
||||
| Ionic Bond | A type of bond where ions are formed; electrons are not shared between the atoms as they are lost from one atom and attracted to the other
🗑
|
||||
| Isotope | A version of an element having the same atomic number but a different atomic mass; this is due to an increase or decrease in the number of electrons
🗑
|
||||
| Kinetic energy | The energy of movement
🗑
|
||||
| Lipid | Refers to a group of fats that cannot be dissolved in water
🗑
|
||||
| Lithosphere | The section of Earth that is composed of rock Living systemA group of organisms and their environment
🗑
|
||||
| Magnet | A type of substance containing iron which also attracts iron (or steel) Malleable
🗑
|
||||
| Mass | How much matter there is in an object
🗑
|
||||
| Matter | Something that has mass and occupies space
🗑
|
||||
| Meiosis | The process of cell division which produces four sex cells (gametes) from one cell
🗑
|
||||
| Mendel | Gregor Mendel, the scientist who experimented with pea plants and discovered how genetic factors were passed down from parents to offspring
🗑
|
||||
| Metal | A chemical element from the left-hand side of the periodic table that is malleable, ductile and conducts electricity
🗑
|
||||
| Metalloid | A chemical element that has characteristics of both metals and nonmetals Metamorphic
🗑
|
||||
| Microwave | A type of electromagnetic radiation that has low energy and is used primarily for communication (cell phones)
🗑
|
||||
| Mitochondria | An organelle in all eukaryotic cells which is responsible for energy production
🗑
|
||||
| Mitosis | The process of cell division which produces two body cells from one cell
🗑
|
||||
| Molecule | The smallest unit of a substance that is the combination of one or more atoms
🗑
|
||||
| Mutation | A change in the DNA of an organism; substitution, deletion, insertion Mutualism
🗑
|
||||
| Natural selection | The process in which some organisms live and reproduce and others die before reproducing
🗑
|
||||
| Newton | Sir Isaac Newton, a scientist who made hundreds of contributions to science like the law of gravity and his three major laws of physics; a Newton is a measure of force
🗑
|
||||
| Newton's 1st Law | An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force
🗑
|
||||
| Newton's 2nd Law | The net force on an object is equal to the acceleration on that object times the mass of the object
🗑
|
||||
| Newton's 3rd Law | Every reaction has an equal and opposite reaction
🗑
|
||||
| Nonmetal | A chemical element from the right side of the periodic table that is brittle and does not conduct electricity well
🗑
|
||||
| Nuclear decay | This happens when the nucleus of an atom breaks apart; usually, neutrons and protons leave the nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| Nuclear energy | Energy that is produced by fission or fusion reactions
🗑
|
||||
| Nuclear reaction | A reaction that happens in the nucleus of an atom; fission, fusion
🗑
|
||||
| Nucleic acid | In the nucleus of a cell, there are two major types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA
🗑
|
||||
| Nucleus | 3In biology, this refers to the middle of a cell; in physical science, this refers to the center of an atom
🗑
|
||||
| Organic | moleculeA molecule that contains carbon atoms bonded together
🗑
|
||||
| Organism | A living thing that can live and reproduce independently
🗑
|
||||
| Ozone | A form of oxygen that, in the atmosphere, protects living things from ultraviolet rays
🗑
|
||||
| Parasitism | A relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism and benefits from that relationship while the host organism is harmed by it
🗑
|
||||
| Peer review | A method of selecting essays to be published where a group of peers review and make comments about the submitted essays
🗑
|
||||
| Periodic table | An arrangement of chemical elements based on their atomic numbers and similarity of properties
🗑
|
||||
| pH scale | Measures the strength of acids and bases; an acid has a number below 7, a base has a number above 7 and neutral materials have a pH of 7 (like water)
🗑
|
||||
| Phenotype | The physical expression (what can be seen) of a genetic characteristic; brown eyes, black hair
🗑
|
||||
| Photosynthesis | The process that happens in plants and some other organisms which takes the sun's energy and turns it into usable energy; 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light è C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2
🗑
|
||||
| Physical change | A change in a substance that results in a different form of the substance and can be undone
🗑
|
||||
| Physical property | A characteristic of a substance that can be observed; color, taste, texture, density
🗑
|
||||
| Physical science | Any of the sciences, such as physics, chemistry, astronomy, and geology, that discusses the nature and properties of energy and nonliving matter
🗑
|
||||
| Plastic | A material that can be molded and formed into objects and films
🗑
|
||||
| Plate tectonics | The theory that the earth's surface is divided into a few large, thick plates that are constantly moving
🗑
|
||||
| Potential energy | Stored energy; energy that is released and then becomes kinetic energy Predation
🗑
|
||||
| Prokaryote | A type of living thing that is single-celled and has no true nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| Protein synthesis | The creation of proteins in the cell from DNA
🗑
|
||||
| Protein | A sequence of amino acids
🗑
|
||||
| Proton | A positively-charged particle in the nucleus of an atom
🗑
|
||||
| Pure substance | eA substance that has an identical chemical composition in every part
🗑
|
||||
| Radiation | Energy that is transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles; when talking about heat, this is when heat spreads out from a central source
🗑
|
||||
| Radio wave | A type of electromagnetic radiation that has very low energy and a very long wavelength (can be 10 – 20 feet long); used for cell phones and radios of all kinds
🗑
|
||||
| Radioactive substance | A type of substance that releases neutrons and protons from its nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| Radiometric dating | Determining the age of a rock or fossil based on the amount of one isotope compared with another isotope; ex: the amount of carbon-14 versus the amount of carbon-12 can determine how old something is because carbon-14 breaks down to carbon-12 over time
🗑
|
||||
| Recessive | A genetic characteristic that is only expressed by the organism if there is no dominant characteristic present
🗑
|
||||
| Recycle | To break down a material so that it can be reused instead of throwing it away Reproduction
🗑
|
||||
| Sea-floor spreading | In geology, when oceanic plates move apart, the middle fills in with magma which cools and forms new sea floor
🗑
|
||||
| Semiconductor | A type of material that allows electricity to flow with average resistance
🗑
|
||||
| Sex-linked trait | A genetic characteristic that is present only on the X (or in some cases, the Y) chromosome and so behaves differently in males and females Sexual
🗑
|
||||
| Solid | One of the basic states of matter which has a definite shape and volume
🗑
|
||||
| Species | A very specific classification of organisms; all members of a species can mate together
🗑
|
||||
| Speed | The amount of distance an object travels divided by the amount of time it takes; He traveled 30 mph
🗑
|
||||
| Stem cell | A type of cell that can turn into any other type of cell
🗑
|
||||
| Superconductor | A type of material that allows electricity to flow with no resistance
🗑
|
||||
| Sustainable agriculture | Agriculture that is done so the land is used well and can continue on forever
🗑
|
||||
| Symbiosis | A relationship between two or more organisms
🗑
|
||||
| Synthesis | The combination of two or more things or concepts TechnologyThe application of science to solve a particular problem
🗑
|
||||
| Temperature | The measurement of the average thermal energy of a system
🗑
|
||||
| Theory | A well proven explanation of some part of the natural world
🗑
|
||||
| Thermal energy | Heat
🗑
|
||||
| Total mass | The combination of all of the masses of everything that is being considered Ultraviolet
🗑
|
||||
| Unbalanced force | A force that is not balanced out by an opposite force; She was pushing against the wall, but when the wall fell it became an unbalanced force!
🗑
|
||||
| Unstable nuclei | More than one nucleus (nuclei) that break down very quickly to smaller nuclei
🗑
|
||||
| Variation | Something that has changed; in biology, this refers to the genetic difference between individuals
🗑
|
||||
| Velocity | The distance that an object travels over a certain amount of time and in a certain direction; He traveled at 30 mph south
🗑
|
||||
| Virus | A small particle that contains DNA or RNA and is able to reproduce only inside of a living cell
🗑
|
||||
| visible ligh | A form of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye (other organisms are capable of seeing some infrared and ultraviolet radiation)
🗑
|
||||
| Volume | The amount of space an object takes up
🗑
|
||||
| Wave | A movement up and down or back and forth
🗑
|
||||
| Wavelength | Refers to the length of a single wave (back and forth); can be calculated from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next
🗑
|
||||
| Weight | The combination of the mass and the force of gravity on an object
🗑
|
||||
| X-rays | A form of electromagnetic radiation that has low energy and is used in medical equipment
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
JHS
Popular Science sets