Principles of Genetics
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Heredity | The passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring.
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| Genetics | The study of genes or inheritable traits passed on from one generation of an organism to the next.
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| Gene | A section of the DNA molecule that will code for a particular inheritable trait.
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| DNA | The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed on from parent to offspring.
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| What is DNA composed of? | Many building blocks known as nucleotides.
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| What is a nucleotide made up of? | A phosphate, a 5-carbon sugar and a nitrogen base.
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| What does the sequences of nitrogen bases code for? | The production of Amino Acids.
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| What are the building blocks of proteins called? | Amino Acids
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| The production of amino acids will create larger proteins which in turn will develop into what? | Inheritable trait.
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| What is DNA also called? | A Double Helix (2-sided molecule).
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| What is the backbone of the DNA called and what is its function? | Sugar-phosphate spine. It gives the molecule stability.
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| What are the names of the four Nitrogen Bases found in DNA? | Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Adenine (A), Thymine (T)
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| Meiosis | The creation of sex cells (egg or sperm) which contain ½ of the genetic information of an organism.
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| How many genes does each organism receive for each trait? | 2. One from the male (sperm) and one from the female (egg).
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| Alleles | Different forms of a gene.
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| Dominant Allele | An allele that can hide or mask another allele. -- Represented by a Capital Letter. --Ex. Brown Hair = B
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| Recessive Allele | An allele which is hidden by a dominant allele. -- Represented by a lower case letter. --Ex. Blond hair = b
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