Melanin Storyline Essential Terms
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show | A person or animal having a congenital absence of pigment in the skin and hair and the eyes.
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show | The collection of genes responsible for the various genetic traits of a given organism
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show | The physical appearance or biochemical characteristic of an organism as a result of the interaction of its genotype and the environment.
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show | Pertains to the one that determines the phenotype of an organism.
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show | A gene that can be masked by a dominant gene
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heterozygous | show 🗑
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homozygous | show 🗑
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show | Refers to offspring resulting from a true breeding
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show | The offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction
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carrier | show 🗑
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show | An ancestral line or chart depicting the lineage or descent of an individual
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allele | show 🗑
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show | A square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
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show | The cross between parents with different alleles for a single gene locus of interest
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dihybrid | show 🗑
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show | Illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights
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karyotype | show 🗑
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mutation | show 🗑
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show | A double helix, a molecule that contains the instructions an organism needs to develop, live, and reproduce
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Protein synthesis | show 🗑
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show | Refers to a cell or an organism that had two sets of chromosomes
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haploid | show 🗑
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chromosome | show 🗑
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gene | show 🗑
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show | Diploid-46 organized into 23 pairs- 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes
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Autosomal chromosome | show 🗑
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show | A trait that is controlled by a gene or an allele located on the sex chromosome
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show | Genes that are carried by either sec chromosomes are said to be sex linked. X or Y
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Female sex genotype | show 🗑
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show | XY
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show | A list of ordered genetic loci for a particular genome
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loci | show 🗑
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show | A specialized structure on the chromosome, appearing during cell division as the constricted central region where the two chromatids are held together and form an X shape
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transcription | show 🗑
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show | The process by which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cells nucleus.
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show | Polymers of amino acids
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show | an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains DNA and the genetic material of an organism
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Cell organelle | show 🗑
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show | A sphere-shaped structure within the cytoplasm of a cell that is composed of RNA and protein and is the site of protein synthesis.
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show | A type of organic acid that contains a carboxyl functional group and an amine functional group as well as a side chain that is specific to the individual amino acid
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DNA nitrogenous bases | show 🗑
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RNA nitrogenous bases | show 🗑
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melanin | show 🗑
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show | A form of point mutation in a codon that codes for the same or different amino acid but without any functional change in the protein product
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Frameshift mutation | show 🗑
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show | A mutation that exchanges one base for another.
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Insertion mutation | show 🗑
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Deletion mutation | show 🗑
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codon | show 🗑
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show | A specific sequence of three consecutive nucleotides that is part of the genetic code and that specifies a particular amino acid in a protein or starts or stops protein synthesis
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show | The process by which a protein structure assumes its functional shape or conformation
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Environmental factors | show 🗑
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show | That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum between X-rays and visible light between 40 and 400 nanometer wavelengths
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Vitamin D | show 🗑
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homeostasis | show 🗑
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Abiotic factors | show 🗑
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Biotic factor | show 🗑
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show | Any phenomena which alters the behavior and fitness of living organisms within a given environment
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show | Change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations
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show | Space extended upward; height; the perpendicular elevation of an object above its foundation, above the ground, or above a given level, or of one object above another; as, the altitude of a mountain, or of a bird above the top of a tree
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show | The preferential survival and reproduction or preferential elimination of individuals with certain genotypes, by means of natural or artificial controlling factors
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adaptation | show 🗑
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show | A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy
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show | The process in nature by which, according to Darwin, only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive & transmit their genetic characters in increasing numbers to succeeding generations while lose less adapted tend to be eliminated
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show | All the organisms of the same group or species which live in a particular geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding
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show | Each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division
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show | Refers to the identical copies formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere
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Somatic cell | show 🗑
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gamete | show 🗑
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