Endocrine
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| Pituitary Gland | - anterior pituitary lobe- posterior pituitary lobe
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| Anterior Pituitary Lobe | - Stores & releases oxytocin and ADH
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| Posterior Pituitary Lobe | -Produces: growth hormone (somatotropin), thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH), corticotropin, follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin
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| Thyroid Gland | - triiodothyronine (T3)/thyroxine (T4) (referred to as thyroid hormone)-Calcitonin
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| Thyroid hormone | -triiodothyronine (T3)/thyroxine(T4)-the body's major metabolic hormones
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| Calcitonin | -maintains blood Ca+ level by inhibiting release of Ca+ from bone
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| Parathyroid Glands | sits on the posterior surface of the thyroid
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| Function of Parathyroid Glands | -produce parathyroid hormone (PTH) -help to regulate blood's Ca+ balance
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| Adrenal Glands | -sit at the top of the kidneys-divided into: adrenal cortex & adrenal medulla
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| Adrenal Medulla | -inner portion-produces catecholamines (epin/norepin/dopa)
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| Adrenal Cortex | -outer portion-produces mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)-produces glucocorticoids cortisol (hydrocortisone)-cortisone-corticosterone-sex hormones (androgen & estrogen)*produces mainly glucocorticoids & some sex hormones
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| Islet of Langerhan | -located in the pancreas-performs endocrine function of the pancreas
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| Components of "Islet of Langerhan" | Alpha- glucagonBeta- insulinDelta- somatostatin
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| Thymus | -produces thymosin & thymopoietin (related to immune system)-produces T cells (important in cell- mediated immunity)
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| Pineal gland | -produces melatonin
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| Gonads | -Ovaries-Testes
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| Ovaries | -promote development & maintenance of female sex characteristics
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| Testes | -produce spermatozoa & make sex hormone testosterone, which stimulates & maintain male sex characteristics
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| Hormones | -amines-polypeptides-steroids
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| Amines | -catecholamines-thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)
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| Polypeptide | -PTH-Pancreatic hormones (insulin & glucagon)-anterior pituitary hormone(GH, TSH, corticotropin, FSH, LH, interstitial cell- stimulating hormone, prolactin)-posterior pituitary hormone (ADH & oxytocin)
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| Steroids | -derived from cholesterol-Aldosterone & cortisol (secreted by adrenal cortex)-Estrogen&progesterone in females(SexHormone)-Testosterone in males (Sex hormone)*secreted by the gonads
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| Hormonal release & transport | Corticotropin & Cortisol= irregular spurts; levels peak in morning;PTH & Prolactin= occur fairly evenly throughout the day-Insulin= steady & sporadic release patterns
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| Hormonal Action | -Hormones bind to a specific receptor when reached its target sitePolypeptide&Amines= bind to receptor sitesSteroids&ThyroidHormones=diffuse wall & bind to intracellular receptors
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