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Endocrine

QuestionAnswer
Pituitary Gland - anterior pituitary lobe- posterior pituitary lobe
Anterior Pituitary Lobe - Stores & releases oxytocin and ADH
Posterior Pituitary Lobe -Produces: growth hormone (somatotropin), thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH), corticotropin, follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin
Thyroid Gland - triiodothyronine (T3)/thyroxine (T4) (referred to as thyroid hormone)-Calcitonin
Thyroid hormone -triiodothyronine (T3)/thyroxine(T4)-the body's major metabolic hormones
Calcitonin -maintains blood Ca+ level by inhibiting release of Ca+ from bone
Parathyroid Glands sits on the posterior surface of the thyroid
Function of Parathyroid Glands -produce parathyroid hormone (PTH) -help to regulate blood's Ca+ balance
Adrenal Glands -sit at the top of the kidneys-divided into: adrenal cortex & adrenal medulla
Adrenal Medulla -inner portion-produces catecholamines (epin/norepin/dopa)
Adrenal Cortex -outer portion-produces mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)-produces glucocorticoids cortisol (hydrocortisone)-cortisone-corticosterone-sex hormones (androgen & estrogen)*produces mainly glucocorticoids & some sex hormones
Islet of Langerhan -located in the pancreas-performs endocrine function of the pancreas
Components of "Islet of Langerhan" Alpha- glucagonBeta- insulinDelta- somatostatin
Thymus -produces thymosin & thymopoietin (related to immune system)-produces T cells (important in cell- mediated immunity)
Pineal gland -produces melatonin
Gonads -Ovaries-Testes
Ovaries -promote development & maintenance of female sex characteristics
Testes -produce spermatozoa & make sex hormone testosterone, which stimulates & maintain male sex characteristics
Hormones -amines-polypeptides-steroids
Amines -catecholamines-thyroid hormones (T3 and T4)
Polypeptide -PTH-Pancreatic hormones (insulin & glucagon)-anterior pituitary hormone(GH, TSH, corticotropin, FSH, LH, interstitial cell- stimulating hormone, prolactin)-posterior pituitary hormone (ADH & oxytocin)
Steroids -derived from cholesterol-Aldosterone & cortisol (secreted by adrenal cortex)-Estrogen&progesterone in females(SexHormone)-Testosterone in males (Sex hormone)*secreted by the gonads
Hormonal release & transport Corticotropin & Cortisol= irregular spurts; levels peak in morning;PTH & Prolactin= occur fairly evenly throughout the day-Insulin= steady & sporadic release patterns
Hormonal Action -Hormones bind to a specific receptor when reached its target sitePolypeptide&Amines= bind to receptor sitesSteroids&ThyroidHormones=diffuse wall & bind to intracellular receptors
Created by: chanay0202
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