Molecular Bio: DNA Replication
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| DNA poly reads in which direction? RNA poly? | Both read 3'-->5' (create strand 5'-->3')
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| What are the 2 main differences between DNA synthesis (rep) and RNA synthesis (trx)? | RNA synthesis requires NO PRIMER, and has NO CORRECTION of mismatched pairs (low fidelity)
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| Which enzyme corrects mismatched pairs in DNA synthesis? What type of exonuclease activity is it? | DNA poly III corrects mismatches (same enzyme doing the synthesis). It is 3'-->5' exonuclease.
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| RNA Reverse Transcriptase requires RNA Primer. True or False? | True, because RNA Reverse Transcriptase is essentially a DNA Poly.
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| Which enzyme synthesizes leading strand in prokaryotes? Lagging strands (Okazaki fragments)? | Both are done by DNA Poly III
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| Which enzyme REMOVES RNA Primer in Prokaryote DNA synthesis? What type of exonuclease is it? | DNA Poly I, it is 5'-->3' exonuclease
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| Which enzyme REPLACES RNA Primer? | DNA Poly I
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| What binds the Okazaki fragments? | DNA Ligase (requires NAD)
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| What removes positive supercoils (give 2 names for the enzyme)? | DNA Topoisomerase II (a.k.a. Gyrase)
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| What unwinds the DNA? | Helicase. Stabilized by SSBs
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| 3 enzymatic steps of Thymine Dimer removal | Excision endonuclease-->DNA poly-->DNA Ligaes
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| Loss of mismatched bp removal leads to what syndrome? | HNPCC (aka "Lynch Syndrome")
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| p53 guards the progression from which phase of the cell cycle? | G1-->S
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| Name 2 gene mutations/inactivations that affect p53 activity, and name the associated disease? | ATM gene -->Ataxia Telangectasia
BRCA-1 -->breast,prostate,ovary BRCA-2 -->breast
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