Exam 3
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| MATCH-- centripetal:diurnal:ebb: Gravitational :mixed:resultant:rotary A.Tidal pattern;B.Tidal current;C.Tidal force | show 🗑
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| MATCH-- center of an open ocean tidal system: largest tidal range in the lunar cycle: smallest tidal range in the lunar cycle: A.Spring Tide B.cotidal point E.tidal current F.neap tide G.amphidromic point H.flood current | show 🗑
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| MATCH-- steep wave front surging up a river as a result of tides: water moving out from an inlet due to approaching low tide C. ebb current D. tidal bore | show 🗑
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| The force that pulls an orbiting body toward the center of that orbit is called: A. amphidromic B. centrifugal C. centripetal D. gravitational E. tidal | show 🗑
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| The difference between centripetal forces and gravitational forces is called the: A. diurnal force B. dynamic force C. resultant force D. residual force E. tidal force | show 🗑
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| The center of mass of the Earth-Moon system is called the: A. aphelion B. Apogee C. barycenter D. perigee E. perihelion | show 🗑
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| The barycenter follows: A. a path that is perpendicular to Earth’s ecliptic B. a pattern that parallels the Moon’s orbit C. a smooth orbit around the sun D. a wavy path around the Sun E. Earth’s declination | show 🗑
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| show | D. inversely with the cube of distance between objects
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| The tide-generating force varies: A. Directly w/ product of the object masses B. directly w/ the product of the cube of the object masses C. inversely with the product of the object masses D. inversely with the product of the cube of the object mass | show 🗑
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| show | C. Longer than a solar day
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| The angular distance of the orbital plane of the Sun or Moon above or below Earth’s equatorial plane is called the: A. apogee B. declination C. ecliptic D. perihelion E. syzygy | show 🗑
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| A spring tide: A. has moderate high and low tides B. occurs at a blue moon C. occurs at the vernal equinox D. has very high high tides and very low low tides E. very little difference between high and low tides | show 🗑
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| show | E. Very small tidal range
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| Spring tide occurs about: A. once per month B. once per season C. once per year D. twice per month E. twice per year | show 🗑
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| Neap tides occur: A. at summer and winter solstice B. during a storm surge C. when the Moon is full or new D. when the Moon is at quadrature E. when the Sun is at perihelion or aphelion | show 🗑
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| When Earth is at its greatest distance from the Sun, it is said to be at: A. apogee B. aphelion C. perigee D. perihelion E. proxigean | show 🗑
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| The side of Earth that faces the Moon experiences a high tide, the side of Earth that is opposite from the Moon will have a(n): A. high tide B. low tide C. neap tide D. proxigean tide E. spring tide | show 🗑
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| The vertical difference between high and low tides is called the A. Ebb tide B. flood tide C. tidal bore D. syzygy E. tidal range | show 🗑
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| show | C. Perigee
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| show | A. Amphidromic center
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| show | D. Two high tides and two low tides or nearly equal height daily
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| show | B. One high tide and two low tides daily
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| show | B. Mixed tides
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| show | A. Atlantic coast
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| In the United States one can find mixed tides along the: A. Atlantic coast B. Cape Cod C. Gulf of Mexico coast D. Florida Keys E. Pacific Coast | show 🗑
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| show | E. Very large tidal range
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| Water flowing out of an enclosed basin due to the tides is called: A. ebb current B. flood current C. neap tide D. spring tide E. tidal bore | show 🗑
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| show | A. About halfway between high and low tides
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| Tidal current can produce rotary currents called: A. Ebb currents B. flood currents C. shoals D. tidal bores E. whirlpools | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is a tidal current? A. both ebb tides and flood tides B. both neap tides and spring tides C. ebb tide D. flood tide E. spring tide | show 🗑
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| show | B,A,B,B,A
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| show | B,F,A
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| show | H,C
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| The section of the shore that is exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide is called the: A. Backshore B. Foreshore C. Nearshore D. Offshore E. shoreline | show 🗑
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| show | A. Backshore
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| show | B. Low wave energy areas
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| Winter=W beaches: Summer=S Beaches=B A.nrrwer than S B due to high-energy waves during W B.wder than S B due to lw-enrgy wves drng W C.cntn>sdmnt S B due to high-energy waves during W D.cntn < sdmnt S B lw-enrgy wvs drng W E.gn snd frm ofshre brs d | show 🗑
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| Sediment is supplied to the coastal zone by: A. Coastal erosion B. Local biological activity C. Rivers D. All of the above are sources of sediment in the coastal zone E. Only a and b are sources of sediment in the coastal zone | show 🗑
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| show | C. Increased wave period
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| Narrow currents flowing across the surf zone toward the open ocean are called: A. Longshore currents B. Nearshore currents C. Rip currents D. Surf flow E. swash | show 🗑
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| show | C. Direction of the longshore current
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| show | B. Beach, dune, barrier flat, high marsh, low marsh
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| show | A. Barrier flat
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| show | D. Low marsh
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| show | D. Deltas
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| show | C. The Mississippi River Delta
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| show | B. Crystalline rocks of New Englandq
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| show | B. Drowned beaches
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| Submergent coasts might have all of the following characteristics except: A. Drowned beaches B. Drowned river delta C. Marine terraces D. River mouths found below sea level E. Submerged dune topography | show 🗑
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| A linear ridge of sediment attached to land at one end might be called a: A. Barrier island B. Bay barrier C. May-mouth bar D. Spit E. tombolo | show 🗑
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| Isostatic movement of a coastline might occur due to: A. additional seawater B. changes in the rate of seafloor spreading C. the removal of a large glacier that rested in that area D. underwater landslides E. uplift related to earthquake activity | show 🗑
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| Eustatic chngsinclde: A.incrsd glacial ice mltng,glbl wrmng B.rse sea lvl due lrge wght glcer cntnntl mss C.snkng crst due lrge increases sdment load D.uplift related to earthquake activity E.volcanic activity resulting formation new continental crus | show 🗑
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| show | D. Sea level rises
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| show | E. Pacific
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| show | B. Northern Atlantic coast
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| show | C. Gulf
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| show | D. All of these measures are designed to prevent or retard shoreline erosion
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| show | B. Are ineffective
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| Word Analysis. Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. Barrier flat B. Beach face C. Berm D. Longshore bar E. Longshore trou | show 🗑
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| show | D. Tombolo
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| show | C. Sea stack
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| Word Analysis. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern A.formation of large inland lakes B.increased seafloor spreading rates C.melting glacial ice D.global ocean cooling E.uplifted crust | show 🗑
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| show | B,A,C
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| MATCH- coastal wetland occurring at temperate latitudes that experience seasonal frosts ; no change in salinity with depth ; no change in temperature with depth A. Salt marsh B. Isothermal C. Isohaline | show 🗑
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| show | A,B
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| deep river mouth w/ large volume freshwater flow beneath which a wedge of sltwtr frm the ocn invds shallow estuaries in which freshwater and saltwater are totally mixed from the top to the bttm of wtr clmn A.salt wedge estuary B.vertically-mixed estu | show 🗑
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| The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extends: A. 3 nautical miles form the coast B. 10.5 nautical miles from the coast C. 20 nautical miles from the coast D. 200 nautical miles from the coast E. Into open international waters | show 🗑
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| show | D. Have higher salinities
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| An example of a coastal plain estuary is the: A. Chesapeake Bay B. Laguna Madre C. Monterey Bay D. Pamlico Sound E. San Francisco Bay | show 🗑
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| show | C. Laguna Madre
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| show | A. Bar-built estuaries
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| show | A. Opposite of the typical estuarine circulation pattern
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| An estuary formed from a flooded glacial valley called a: A. Bar-built estuary B. Coastal plain estuary C. Fjord D. Tectonic estuary E. Vertically mixed estuary | show 🗑
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| show | E. Tectonic estuary
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| show | C. Salt wedge estuary
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| Estuarine circulation associated with a shallow, low-volume estuary in which river water mixes evenly at all depths with ocean water would be called a A.Highly stratified Estuary=E B.Salt wedge E C.Slightly stratified E D.Tectonic E E.Vertically mixe | show 🗑
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| The Columbia River estuary got damage from A.Dikes erected by farmers to prevent flooding B.Dredging of the river to accommodate boat traffic C.Hydroelectric dams D.Pollution due to soil erosion from logging E.Poor farming practices | show 🗑
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| problem w/Chesapeake Bay A.An increase salinity B.An increase in nutrients resulting in more frequent kills of bottom-dwelling animals C.Decreased tributary river D.Salinity fluctuations E.The removal of sediments behind hydroelectric dams | show 🗑
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| show | B. High levels of organic matter and anoxic sediments
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| The percentage of the original area of wetlands currently left in the United States is approximately: A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 65% E. 75% | show 🗑
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| When ocean water enters a marginal sea above a return flow of saltier water, the circulation pattern is called: A. Estuarine circulation B. Fjord circulation C. Lagoon circulation D. Loop current circulation E. Mediterranean circulation | show 🗑
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| show | D. Phytoplankton
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| The toxicity of marine pollutants A.EPA B.clcltng cnentrtnwhch50%oftstorgnsmsdie C.dtrmnng lngth pollutant rmans envrnmnt D.By dtrmnng ttal biomss of affctd E.By estimating the number of trophic transfers in the food web affected by the pollutant | show 🗑
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| The two most significant sources of oil A.Blowout accident and urban run-off B.Natural seeps and urban run-off C.Normal oil tanker/shipping operations and urban run-off D.Oil tanker and blowoff accidents E.Tar balls and oil tanker accidents | show 🗑
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| show | B. Collisions and/or sinking of oil tankers
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| The largest petroleum spill in the marine waters to date is attributed to the: A. Argo Merchant B. Exxon Valdez C. M/V New Carissa D. Persian Gulf War of 1991 E. Petroleus Mexicanos drilling operations | show 🗑
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| show | B. Digestions of significant amount by fish populations
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| Bioremediation has been particularly effective in marine ecosystems in the clean-up of: A. Heavy metals B. Hydrocarbons C. Nitrates D. Pesticides E. Thermal effluents | show 🗑
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| Plastics damage when: A. Degradation is rapid releasing toxins in the environment B. Netting strangles seals and birds C. Pellets appear in the sediments D. Plastics degrade in DDT E. They result in increased bacteria levels | show 🗑
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| Secondary sewage treatment: A.Addition of bacteria B.Aeration of liquid effluent C.Chlorination of the liquid effluent D.Removal of inorganic nutrients from the liquid effluent E.Separation of the suspended solids from the liquid effluent | show 🗑
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| show | A. A well-developed pycnocline should isolate the sewage
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| Which of the following organisms are expected to show the highest concentrations of DDT and other chlorinated hydrocarbons in its tissues? A. Carnivorous fishes B. Filter-feeding fishes C. Phytoplankton D. Sea otters E. zooplankton | show 🗑
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| Minamata disease is associated with: A. Dinoflagellates in tropical reef ecosystems B. Eutrophication C. Harmful algal blooms D. Illegal fishing in tropical areas E. Ingestion of methyl mercury-contaminated fish and shellfish | show 🗑
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| floats for its entire life floats for a portion of its life lives on the sea floor lives in benthic sediments swims for its entire life A. Meroplankton B. Epifauna C. Nekton D. Holoplankton E. Picoplankton F. Nanoplankton G. Infauna | show 🗑
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| A.Class, family, genus, kingdom, order, phylum, species B.Genus, species, order, family, kingdom, phylum, class C.Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species D.Order, family, genus, species, kingdom, phylum, class | show 🗑
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| Which of the following associations is incorrect? A. Kingdom Animalia- dolphins B. Kingdom Fungi- mushrooms C. Kingdom Monera- bacteria in hydrothermal vents D. Kingdom Plantae- macroscopic algae E. Kingdom Protoctista- phytoplankton | show 🗑
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| show | D. All the above
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| Which of the following word pairs correctly links a descriptor with the way in which the organism lives in the ocean? A. Benthos-drift B. Benthos-swim C. Nekton- bottom-dwelling D. Nekton-swim E. Plankton-bottom-dwelling | show 🗑
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| An example of an organism that might be part of the epifauna is a(n): A. Bull kelp B. Fefather duster worm C. Sea star D. Shark E. Tuna | show 🗑
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| show | D. Meroplankton
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| Nekton are restricted to particular ocean areas by: A. Availability of food B. Differences in water pressure with depth C. Changes in salinity D. Temperature variations with latitude and depth E. All of the above | show 🗑
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| When compared to their warmer water counterparts, cold water plankton often: A. Are larger in size B. Are smaller in size C. Exhibit countershading D. Have more spines and ornamentation on the cell wall E. Reproduce asexually only | show 🗑
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| All the following are adaptive solutions employed by marine organisms to prevent sinking except: A.Building a flotation B.Decreasing density C.Decreasing cellular fat content D.Increasing drag in the water E.Increasing the surface area to volume | show 🗑
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| Plankton which are 2.0 to 0.2 µm in size are called: A. Nanoplankton B. Net plankton C. Picoplankton D. Phytoplankton E. zooplankton | show 🗑
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| show | B. Can survive wide salinity fluctuations
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| Organisms that cannot withstand large changes in temperature are referred to as: A. eurythermal B. euryhaline C. estuarine D. isothermal E. stenothermal | show 🗑
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| When an organism has the same internal salt and water concentration as its environment, it is said to be: A. euryhaline B. hypertonic C. hypotonic D. isotonic E. stenohaline | show 🗑
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| show | B. Difference in salinity increases
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| show | E. Isotonic with respect to their environment
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| Compared to freshwater fishes, marine fishes: A.drink seawater and produce a large volume of urine B.do not drink seawater C.produce a large volume of dilute urine D.tend to gain water by osmosis E.tend to lose water by osmosis | show 🗑
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| show | A. Euryhaline
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| show | C. Diffusion
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| The color pattern in which marine organisms are light... A.Countershading B.Cryptic coloration C.Defensive coloration D.Disruptive coloration E.Warning coloration | show 🗑
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| A common body shape that streamlines an organism in the marine environment is a flattened body that: A. Has a wide, blunt end B. Tapers at the anterior end C. Tapers at the dorsal surface D. Tapers at the posterior end E.Tapers at the ventral sur | show 🗑
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| The seasonal temperature range in the deep ocean is usually: A.Btwn -2 degrees Celcius and 32 degrees Celcius B.Btwn 0 degrees Celcius and 15 degrees Celcius C.Btwn 2 degrees Celcius and 8 degrees Celcius D.Btwn 8 degrees C and 25 degrees C E.negligi | show 🗑
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| Coastal waters that are highly productive tend to be: A. brown in color B. colorless C. deep blue in color D. green in color E. light blue in color | show 🗑
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| Most marine species are found in a(n): A. bathypelagic environment B. benthic environment C. mesopelagic environment D. oceanic environment E. pelagic environment | show 🗑
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| show | A. Associated with continental shelves
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| The euphotic zone is confined to the: A. abyssopelagic zone B. pathypelagic zone C. epipelagic zone D. mesopelagic zone E. neritic province | show 🗑
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| Neritic environments are influenced by: A. seasonal salinity variations B. seasonal temperature fluctuations C. tidal movements D. wave energy E. all of the above factors influence neritic environments | show 🗑
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| show | B. Below the intertidal zone on the continental shelf
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| Zonation of benthic organisms includes all of the following except the: A. abyssal zone B. bathyal zone C. hadal zone D. neritic zone E. subtidal zone | show 🗑
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| Organisms of the mesopelagic zone are characterized by: A. bioluminescence B. large, sensitive eyes C. no eyes D. a and b are correct E. a and c are correct | show 🗑
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| Organisms with small, expandable bodies, extremely large mouths, and efficient teeth are likely to be found in the: A. bathypelagic zone B. epipelagic zone C. mesopelagic zone D. neritic province E. photic zone | show 🗑
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