FA Review
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| Coronary Vasospasms are caused by: | Cocaine, Amphetamines, Sumatriptan, Ergot Alkaloids
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| What mnemonic is used to remember drugs that may cause Coronary Vasospasms? | CASE:
Cocaine
Amphetamine
Sumatriptan
Ergot Alkaloids
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| Cutaneous Flushing | Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers, Echinocandins, Nitrates
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| What is Red man syndrome? | Rate-dependent infusion reaction to VANCOMYCIN causing widespread pruritic erythema.
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| What is the treatment for Red man Syndrome? | Diphenhydramine pretreatment and slower infusion rate of Vancomycin
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| Dilated Cardiomyopathy is associated with: | Anthracyclines (Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin)
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| How is anthracycline-induced DMC prevented? | by using Dexrazoxane
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| What specific effect have those drugs that cause Torsades de Pointes? | Prolong QT interval
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| What drugs are associated with development of Torsades de Pointes? | -antiarrhythmics (class IA and III)
-antibiotics (macrolides)
- antipsychotics (haloperidol)
-antidepressants (TCSs)
-antiemetics (ondansetron)
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| Adrenocortical insufficiency is due to: | HPA suppression secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawal
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| What drugs may induce Diabetes Insipidus? | Lithium and Demeclocycline
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| Side effect of SERMs? | Hot flashes
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| What are common SERMs? | Tamoxifene, Clomiphene, and Raloxifene
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| Hyperglycemia: | Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ, and Corticosteroids
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| What is the clinical presentation of Hyperprolactinemia? | Hypogonadism (infertility, amenorrhea, erectile dysfunction) and galactorrhea (more common in men)
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| What drugs are associated with the development of Hyperprolactinemia? | - Typical antipsychotics (haloperidol)
-Atypical antipsychotics (quetiapine)
- Metoclopramide
-Methyldopa
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| Hyperthyroidism is a drug reaction to: | Lithium and Amiodarone
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| Hypothyroidism is seen as SE of: | Amiodarone, Sulfonamides, and Lithium
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| Which drugs are associated with the development of SIADH? | Carbamazepine, Cyclophosphamide, and SSRIs
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| Macrolides are associated with what GI drug reactions? | Acute cholestatic hepatitis and Jaundice
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| Diarrhea is often a SE to the use of any of the following: | 1. Acamprosate
2. Antidiabetic agents (acarbose, metformin, pramlintide)
3. Colchicine
4. Cholinesterase inhibitors
5. Lipid-lowering agents (ezemtibide, orlistat)
6. Macrolides (erythromycin)
7. Quinidine
8. SSRIs
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| What drugs are associated with "focal to massive hepatic necrosis"? | Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, and Acetaminophen
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| Death cap mushroom | Amanita phalloides
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| Hepatitis is an adverse drug reaction to: | Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Statins, and Fibrates
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| What two medications used in TB treatment are associated with the development of Hepatitis? | Rifampin and Isoniazid
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| Which lipid lowering agents are associated with Hepatotoxicity (hepatitis)? | Fibrates and Statins
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| Pancreatitis: | Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic acid, Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)
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| What are the diuretics that may cause Pancreatitis? | Furosemide and HCTZ
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| Pill-induced Esophagitis is seen with use of: | Bisphosphonates, ferrous sulfate, NSAIDs, Potassium chloride, tetracyclines
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| What drugs are associated with Pseudomembranous colitis? | Ampicillin, cephalosporins, clindamycin, and Fluoroquinolones
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| Antibiotics, such as ______, _______, ________, and ____________, predispose to superinfection by _________________________, which manifested by ______________________. | Ampicillin, Cephalosporins, Clindamycin, and Fluoroquinolones;
Resistant C difficile;
Pseudomembranous colitis
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| Agranulocytosis is associated with: | Clozapine, Carbamazepine, PTU, Methimazole, Colchicine, and Ganciclovir
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| Aplastic anemia may be induced by adverse effects of: | Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, and PTU
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| What are two SE effects shared by PTU and Methimazole? | Agranulocytosis and Aplastic anemia
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| What drugs yield produce a Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia? | Penicillin, methyldopa, and Cephalosporins
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| Eosinophilia + Systemic symptoms is seen with: | Allopurinol, anticonvulsants, antibiotics, and sulfa drugs
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| What is DRESS? | Potentially fatal delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
Latency period (2-8 weeks) followed by fever, morbilliform skin rash, and frequency multiorgan involvement
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| Gray baby syndrome is caused by ____________________. | Chloramphenicol
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| What are the associated drugs with the development of hemolysis in G6PD deficiency? | Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Dapsone, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin
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| Megaloblastic anemia is produced by: | Hydroxyurea, Phenytoin, Methotrexate, and Sulfa drugs
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| What drugs may develop Thrombocytopenia? | Heparin, Vancomycin, and Linezolid
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| Thrombotic complications are seen with: | - Combined oral contraceptives (OCPs)
- Hormone replacement therapy
- SERMs
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| Drug-induced lupus is seen with the use of: | Methyldopa, Sulfa drugs, Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Phenytoin, and Etanercept
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| Fat redistribution is an adverse reaction seen with: | Protease inhibitors and Glucocorticoids
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| Gingival hyperplasia | Cyclosporine, Ca2+ channels blockers, Phenytoin
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| Hyperuricemia (Gout) is caused as side effect of: | Pyrazinamide, Thiazides, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine
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| Myopathy is seen with: | Statins, Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, daptomycin, hydroxychloroquine, INF-a, penicillamine, and glucocorticoids
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| Osteoporosis is an adverse effect of: | Corticosteroids, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, GnRH agonists, aromatase inhibitors, anticonvulsants, heparin, PPIs
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| Photosensitivity | Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracyclines, and 5-FU
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| Rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) is caused by: | 1. Antiepileptic drugs (especially Lamotrigine)
2. Allopurinol
3. Sulfa drugs
4. Penicillin
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| What is the main and most drastic SE of Lamotrigine? | Stevens-Johnson syndrome
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| What kind of antibiotics cause teeth discoloration? | Tetracyclines
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| Tendon and cartilage damage is seen with ___________________ improper use. | Fluoroquinolones
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| What drugs can cause Cinchonism? | Quinidine and Quinine
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| What is the clinical presentation of Cinchonism? | Tinnitus, hearing/vision loss, psychosis, and cognitive impairment.
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| Parkinson-like syndrome is a SE of : | Antipsychotics, Reserpine, and Metoclopramide
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| Peripheral neuropathy: | Phenytoin, Vincristine/Vinblastine and Paclitaxel
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| What can cause Pseudotumor cerebri? | Growth hormones, Tetracycline, and Vitamin A
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| What are common drugs that may cause SEIZURES? | Isoniazid (vitamin B6 deficiency), Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, and Enflurane
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| Tardive dyskinesia is caused by: | Antipsychotics and Metoclopramide
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| Topiramate visual disturbance is ---> | Blurred vision/diplopia, haloes
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| Digoxin visual disturbance --------> | Yellow-tinged vision
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| Isoniazid visual disturbance is ------> | Optic neuropathy/ color vision changes
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| What drug is associated with bilateral visual field defects? | Vigabatrin
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| What category of medications may cause a Blue-tinged vision? | PDE-5 inhibitors
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| Ethambutol is associated with: | Color vision changes
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| What can cause Fanconi Syndrome? | Cisplatin, Ifosfamide, expired tetracyclines, and tenofovir
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| Hemorrhagic cystitis is a common SE of: | Cyclophosphamide and Ifosfamide
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| What drugs are associated with INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS? | Penicillins, Furosemide, NSAIDs, PPIs, and sulfa drugs.
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| How cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis prevented? | Coadministration with Mesna
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| Dry cough is often presented with the use of _________________. | ACE inhibitors
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| Which drugs are associated with the development of Pulmonary fibrosis? | MTX, Nitrofurantoin, Carmustine, Bleomycin, Busulfan, and Amiodarone.
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| What drugs are associated with an ANTIMUSCARINIC drug reaction? | Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, and antipsychotics
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| Disulfiram-like reaction is seen with: | 1st-generation sulfonylureas, Procarbazine, certain Cephalosporins, Griseofulvin, Metronidazole
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| Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity is seen with: | Loop diuretics, Aminoglycosides, cisplatin, Vancomycin, amphotericin B
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