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Drug Reactions
FA Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Coronary Vasospasms are caused by: | Cocaine, Amphetamines, Sumatriptan, Ergot Alkaloids |
| What mnemonic is used to remember drugs that may cause Coronary Vasospasms? | CASE: Cocaine Amphetamine Sumatriptan Ergot Alkaloids |
| Cutaneous Flushing | Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers, Echinocandins, Nitrates |
| What is Red man syndrome? | Rate-dependent infusion reaction to VANCOMYCIN causing widespread pruritic erythema. |
| What is the treatment for Red man Syndrome? | Diphenhydramine pretreatment and slower infusion rate of Vancomycin |
| Dilated Cardiomyopathy is associated with: | Anthracyclines (Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin) |
| How is anthracycline-induced DMC prevented? | by using Dexrazoxane |
| What specific effect have those drugs that cause Torsades de Pointes? | Prolong QT interval |
| What drugs are associated with development of Torsades de Pointes? | -antiarrhythmics (class IA and III) -antibiotics (macrolides) - antipsychotics (haloperidol) -antidepressants (TCSs) -antiemetics (ondansetron) |
| Adrenocortical insufficiency is due to: | HPA suppression secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawal |
| What drugs may induce Diabetes Insipidus? | Lithium and Demeclocycline |
| Side effect of SERMs? | Hot flashes |
| What are common SERMs? | Tamoxifene, Clomiphene, and Raloxifene |
| Hyperglycemia: | Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ, and Corticosteroids |
| What is the clinical presentation of Hyperprolactinemia? | Hypogonadism (infertility, amenorrhea, erectile dysfunction) and galactorrhea (more common in men) |
| What drugs are associated with the development of Hyperprolactinemia? | - Typical antipsychotics (haloperidol) -Atypical antipsychotics (quetiapine) - Metoclopramide -Methyldopa |
| Hyperthyroidism is a drug reaction to: | Lithium and Amiodarone |
| Hypothyroidism is seen as SE of: | Amiodarone, Sulfonamides, and Lithium |
| Which drugs are associated with the development of SIADH? | Carbamazepine, Cyclophosphamide, and SSRIs |
| Macrolides are associated with what GI drug reactions? | Acute cholestatic hepatitis and Jaundice |
| Diarrhea is often a SE to the use of any of the following: | 1. Acamprosate 2. Antidiabetic agents (acarbose, metformin, pramlintide) 3. Colchicine 4. Cholinesterase inhibitors 5. Lipid-lowering agents (ezemtibide, orlistat) 6. Macrolides (erythromycin) 7. Quinidine 8. SSRIs |
| What drugs are associated with "focal to massive hepatic necrosis"? | Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, and Acetaminophen |
| Death cap mushroom | Amanita phalloides |
| Hepatitis is an adverse drug reaction to: | Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Statins, and Fibrates |
| What two medications used in TB treatment are associated with the development of Hepatitis? | Rifampin and Isoniazid |
| Which lipid lowering agents are associated with Hepatotoxicity (hepatitis)? | Fibrates and Statins |
| Pancreatitis: | Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic acid, Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ) |
| What are the diuretics that may cause Pancreatitis? | Furosemide and HCTZ |
| Pill-induced Esophagitis is seen with use of: | Bisphosphonates, ferrous sulfate, NSAIDs, Potassium chloride, tetracyclines |
| What drugs are associated with Pseudomembranous colitis? | Ampicillin, cephalosporins, clindamycin, and Fluoroquinolones |
| Antibiotics, such as ______, _______, ________, and ____________, predispose to superinfection by _________________________, which manifested by ______________________. | Ampicillin, Cephalosporins, Clindamycin, and Fluoroquinolones; Resistant C difficile; Pseudomembranous colitis |
| Agranulocytosis is associated with: | Clozapine, Carbamazepine, PTU, Methimazole, Colchicine, and Ganciclovir |
| Aplastic anemia may be induced by adverse effects of: | Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, and PTU |
| What are two SE effects shared by PTU and Methimazole? | Agranulocytosis and Aplastic anemia |
| What drugs yield produce a Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia? | Penicillin, methyldopa, and Cephalosporins |
| Eosinophilia + Systemic symptoms is seen with: | Allopurinol, anticonvulsants, antibiotics, and sulfa drugs |
| What is DRESS? | Potentially fatal delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Latency period (2-8 weeks) followed by fever, morbilliform skin rash, and frequency multiorgan involvement |
| Gray baby syndrome is caused by ____________________. | Chloramphenicol |
| What are the associated drugs with the development of hemolysis in G6PD deficiency? | Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Dapsone, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin |
| Megaloblastic anemia is produced by: | Hydroxyurea, Phenytoin, Methotrexate, and Sulfa drugs |
| What drugs may develop Thrombocytopenia? | Heparin, Vancomycin, and Linezolid |
| Thrombotic complications are seen with: | - Combined oral contraceptives (OCPs) - Hormone replacement therapy - SERMs |
| Drug-induced lupus is seen with the use of: | Methyldopa, Sulfa drugs, Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Phenytoin, and Etanercept |
| Fat redistribution is an adverse reaction seen with: | Protease inhibitors and Glucocorticoids |
| Gingival hyperplasia | Cyclosporine, Ca2+ channels blockers, Phenytoin |
| Hyperuricemia (Gout) is caused as side effect of: | Pyrazinamide, Thiazides, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine |
| Myopathy is seen with: | Statins, Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, daptomycin, hydroxychloroquine, INF-a, penicillamine, and glucocorticoids |
| Osteoporosis is an adverse effect of: | Corticosteroids, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, GnRH agonists, aromatase inhibitors, anticonvulsants, heparin, PPIs |
| Photosensitivity | Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracyclines, and 5-FU |
| Rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) is caused by: | 1. Antiepileptic drugs (especially Lamotrigine) 2. Allopurinol 3. Sulfa drugs 4. Penicillin |
| What is the main and most drastic SE of Lamotrigine? | Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
| What kind of antibiotics cause teeth discoloration? | Tetracyclines |
| Tendon and cartilage damage is seen with ___________________ improper use. | Fluoroquinolones |
| What drugs can cause Cinchonism? | Quinidine and Quinine |
| What is the clinical presentation of Cinchonism? | Tinnitus, hearing/vision loss, psychosis, and cognitive impairment. |
| Parkinson-like syndrome is a SE of : | Antipsychotics, Reserpine, and Metoclopramide |
| Peripheral neuropathy: | Phenytoin, Vincristine/Vinblastine and Paclitaxel |
| What can cause Pseudotumor cerebri? | Growth hormones, Tetracycline, and Vitamin A |
| What are common drugs that may cause SEIZURES? | Isoniazid (vitamin B6 deficiency), Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, and Enflurane |
| Tardive dyskinesia is caused by: | Antipsychotics and Metoclopramide |
| Topiramate visual disturbance is ---> | Blurred vision/diplopia, haloes |
| Digoxin visual disturbance --------> | Yellow-tinged vision |
| Isoniazid visual disturbance is ------> | Optic neuropathy/ color vision changes |
| What drug is associated with bilateral visual field defects? | Vigabatrin |
| What category of medications may cause a Blue-tinged vision? | PDE-5 inhibitors |
| Ethambutol is associated with: | Color vision changes |
| What can cause Fanconi Syndrome? | Cisplatin, Ifosfamide, expired tetracyclines, and tenofovir |
| Hemorrhagic cystitis is a common SE of: | Cyclophosphamide and Ifosfamide |
| What drugs are associated with INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS? | Penicillins, Furosemide, NSAIDs, PPIs, and sulfa drugs. |
| How cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis prevented? | Coadministration with Mesna |
| Dry cough is often presented with the use of _________________. | ACE inhibitors |
| Which drugs are associated with the development of Pulmonary fibrosis? | MTX, Nitrofurantoin, Carmustine, Bleomycin, Busulfan, and Amiodarone. |
| What drugs are associated with an ANTIMUSCARINIC drug reaction? | Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, and antipsychotics |
| Disulfiram-like reaction is seen with: | 1st-generation sulfonylureas, Procarbazine, certain Cephalosporins, Griseofulvin, Metronidazole |
| Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity is seen with: | Loop diuretics, Aminoglycosides, cisplatin, Vancomycin, amphotericin B |
Created by:
rakomi
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