Ch. 13 Culture Terms (Religion)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Greek and Roman religions | Deeply religious people, ancient native religion of Romans was animism. Romans fell more under influene of Greeks and their religion which was anthropomorphic
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| animism | belief that gods did not exist in human form, but spirits were present in world in inanimate objects
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| anthropomorphic | belief that gods lived in human form with human characteristics
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| Jupiter (Zeus) | Greatest god; ruled the sky, and weather. Used thunderbolt to punish wicked. He had to keep other the gods and goddesses under control. Also had many affairs with mortal women.
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| Juno (Hera) | Jupiter's wife; goddess of women and marriage. Relationship with husband was bad.
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| Neptune (Poseidon) | Jupiter's brother; god of water and sea (symbol: trident)
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| Ceres (Demeter) | Jupiter and Neptune's sister; goddess of crops and fertility
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| Minerva (Athena) | goddess of wisdom and handicrafts. Born out of Jupiter's head
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| Apollo (Apollo) | Son of Jupiter; god of sun, prophecy, music, and healing
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| Diana (Artemis) | goddess of hunting, childbirth, and moon
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| Venus (Aphrodite) | goddess of love, beauty, and sexuality; born from foam of the sea and came to land in Paphos, Cyprus. Through Mars she had a son: Cupid
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| Cupid (Eros) | son of Venus and Mars; god of physical desire
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| Vulcan (Hephaestus) | Venus' husband- lame god of fire/ blacksmiths
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| Mars (Ares) | god of war; second most powerful god; father of Romulus and Remus
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| Bacchus (Dionysus) | god of wine and freedom of the spirit
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| Mercury (Hermes) | Zeus' messenger; god of trade; wore winged cap and sandals, and carried a herald's staff.
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| sacrifices | Sacrifices were used to worship gods on special occaisons. Animals were often sacrificed for tribute and used as a break from the regular diet.
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| ponitfex maximus | (High Priest), presided over a college of priests. Advised chief magistrates on religious matters.
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