6th grade test Study Guide
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| The most common rock-forming minerals are A. oxides B. carbonates C. silicates D. metals | Silicates
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| The best way to tell a pyrite sample from a gold sample of similar size is to compare their A. colors B. lusters C. densities D. bonds | Densities
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| If a mineral has perfect cleavage, it A. breaks easily B. scratches easily C. scratches smooth surfaces D. breaks along smooth surfaces | Breaks along smooth surfaces
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| What is one way to tell which of two minerals is harder? A. harder mineral will mark a penny. B. harder mineral will attract a magnet. C. harder mineral will scratch the softer one. D. The harder mineral cannot be scratched by steel | The harder mineral will scratch the softer one.
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| Silicates make up about how much of the rocks in Earth's crust? A. less than 50 percent B. between 30 to 50 percent C. about 50 percent D. about 90 percent | About 90%
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| Quartz, feldspar, and mica are all common A. elements B. carbonates C. oxides D. silicates | Silicates
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| To identify a mineral, scientists may scratch a mineral against a surface. The color of the powder left behind is the mineral's A. element B. streak C. luster D. fluorescence | Streak
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| The two major types of mineral luster are | Metallic and Non-metallic
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| A quartz sample breaks into many irregular pieces. This is an example of A. fracture B. cleavage C. density D. streak | Fracture
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| Which is true about a mineral? A. It is a solid with a crystal structure B. It is a solid with a random arrangement of atoms C. It is a liquid with a crystal structure D. It is a liquid with a random arrangement of atoms | Solid with a crystal structure
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| Although there are thousands of minerals on Earth, the number of minerals commonly found in Earth's crust is about A. 500 B. 300 C. 30 D. 5 | 30
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| The minerals from which most metals are refined belong to which mineral group? A. silicates B. carbonates C. oxides D. elements | Oxides
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| Hot lava pours out of a crack in Earth's surface and cools to form A. large, jagged crystals B. small pools of magma C. intrusive igneous rock D. extrusive igneous rock | Extrusive igneous rock
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| Minerals in rock near a volcano recrystallize as lava covers the area. The minerals change due to the lava's A. heat B. composition C. pressure D. density | Heat
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| Under pressure, shale may turn into slate. This is an example of A. metamorphism B. schistation C. recrystallization D. sedimentation | Metamorphism
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| Which is true of a rock? A. A rock is a type of mineral. B. A rock may contain no minerals. C. A rock is always made of at least one mineral. D. A rock is always made of two or more minerals. | A rock may contain no minerals
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| A metamorphic rock melts. This molten rock then cools and becomes solid. These processes are part of the A. magma cycle B. pressure cycle C. rock cycle D. metamorphic cycle | Rock cycle
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| The most common type of rock at Earth's surface is A. igneous B. sedimentary C. metamorphic D. plant-based | Sedimentary
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| An example of how sedimentary rock can give information about past conditions is through A. preserved mud cracks B. easily flowing lava C. dissolved minerals D. metamorphic changes | Preserved mud cracks
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| The arrangement of minerals into wavy or parallel bands of minerals during metamorphism is called A. melting B. cementing C. pressurization D. foliation | Foliation
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| What type(s) of rock are most likely to be a metamorphic rock's parent rock? A. intrusive rock B. extrusive rock C. sedimentary rock D. any type of rock | Any type of rock
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| An example of a sedimentary rock that formed from the remains of living organisms is A. gneiss B. sandstone C. slate D. coal | Coal
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| What is most important in determining the size of mineral crystals in igneous rock? A. initial temperature of the magma B. rate of cooling of the magma C. silica content of the magma D. total composition of the magma | Rate of cooling of the magma
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| Why do landforms made of igneous rock last longer than those made of sedimentary rock? A. Igneous has more dissolved minerals than sedimentary. B. C. Igneous tends to be harder than sedimentary. D. Igneous tends to wear away faster | Igneous tends to be harder than sedimentary
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| What kind of rock forms as magma cools inside Earth? A. extrusive igneous rock B. intrusive igneous rock C. metamorphic rock D. sedimentary rock | Intrusive igneous
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| Rocks are different than minerals because rocks A. can be used by humans B. are naturally formed solids C. do not have a set crystal structure D. can recrystallize into other types of rock | Do not have a set crystal structure
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| Your rock sample has parallel bands of minerals that formed under high pressure. Your sample is a(n) A. unfoliated metamorphic rock B. unfoliated sedimentary rock C. foliated metamorphic rock D. foliated sedimentary rock | Foliated metamorphic rock
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| Igneous rocks tend to form long-lasting landforms because they often A. are made of only one type of mineral B. do not contain any minerals C. are softer than other types of rock D. are harder than other types of rock | are harder than other types of rocks
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| The rock cycle A. ends with igneous rock B. begins with igneous rock C. ends with metamorphic rock D. has no beginning or end | Has no beginning or end
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| Igneous and metamorphic rocks make up how much of Earth's crust? A. almost none B. less than half C. about one-half D. almost all | Almost all
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