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Chapter 6

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Learning   show
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Orienting reflex   show
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Habituation   show
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show To begin re-responding to a stimulus to which one had been hibituated.  
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Unconditioned stimulus (US)   show
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Unconditioned response (UR)   show
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Neutral stimulus (NS)   show
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Conditioned stimulus (CS)   show
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Conditioned response (CR)   show
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show Learning that occurs when a NS is repeatedly paired with an US causing the NS to become a CS with same power as the US to elicit the response in a person or animal.  
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Contiguity   show
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show The degree to which the presentation of one stimulus is contingent on the presentation of the other.  
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Stimulus generalization   show
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Counterconditioning   show
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show Responding only to particular stimuli.  
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Taste aversion   show
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Aversion therapy   show
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Extinction   show
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Acquisition   show
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Spontaneous recovery   show
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Operant conditioning   show
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show A principle discovered by E.L. Thorndike that states that random behaviors that lead to positive consequences will be strengthened and random behaviors that lead to negative consequences will be weakened.  
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show The strengthening of a response that occurs when the response is rewarded.  
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show Strengthening a behavior by adding something pleasant to the environment of the person or animal.  
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Negative reinforcement   show
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Punishment   show
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show Weakening a behavior by adding something unpleasant to the person's or animal's environment.  
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Negative punishment   show
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show Behavior that operates on the environment to cause some sort of consequence to occur.  
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show A device created by B.F. Skinner to study operant behavior in a compressed time frame, in a Skinner box, an animal is automatically rewarded or punished for engaging in certain behaviors.  
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Extinction burst   show
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Shaping   show
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show The frequency and timing of the reinforcements that a person or animal receives.  
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Continuous reinforcement   show
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Partial reinforcement schedule   show
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Fixed ratio schedule   show
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Variable ratio schedule   show
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show A schedule of reinforcement in which the person or animal is rewarded for the first desired response in an xth interval of time.  
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Variable interval schedule   show
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Primary reinforcer   show
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show A reinforcer that is only reinforcing only because it leads to a primary reinforcer.  
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show A system of operant conditioning in which participants are reinforced with tokens that can later be cashed in for primary reinforcers.  
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show A new way of looking at a problem that leads to a sudden understanding of how to solve it.  
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show Learning that cannot be directly observed in a person's or animal's behavior.  
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Cognitive map   show
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Observational learning   show
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Created by: cpruett8
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