Oncology-Alison Miles
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| Lymphoma | cancer that affect lymphatic system
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| 2 types of Lymphoma | Hodgkin's, Non-Hodgkin's
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| Hodgkin's | onset age 15-40 and then older than 55; Reed-Sternberg cells, orderly growth; MORE curable
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| Non-Hodgkin's | peak after age 50; 30 subtypes, NO Reed-Sternberg cells, B and T cell origins; Mets common; LESS curable
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| Reed-Sternberg cells | have Multi-nuclei
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| Lymphoma treated with | radiation, chemo, bone marrow transplant, immunotherapy w/monoclonal antibodies (tumor fighting antibodies)
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| Brain Tumors | named for cell type and area of the brain; 50% malignant; Gliomas are most common
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| Gliomas | tumors that originate in neuroglia & the brain or spinal cord
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| Brain Tumor treatment | surgical removal; limited radiation; some chemo; diurrhetic to lower BP; dim lights & sound; limit visitors, fluids; give oxygen
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| GI Tract Cancer | many develop from benign adenomas; approx. 75% develop in sigmoid colon and rectum; genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors contribute
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| Liver Cancer | RARELY begins in the liver; chemo is main treatment, but usually considered palliative treatment
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| Pancreas Cancer | FATAL-usually less than 1 yr; vague symptoms, look at BP
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| Pancreatic Cancer Signs and symptoms | in head of pancreas, include pain, jaundice, weight loss, N/V, and diarrhea; in center and tail, GI bleed or back pain; quickly spreads to duodenum, stomach, spleen & left adrenal gland
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| Pancreatic Cancer treatment | if cancer is in head, surgery may be an option; radiation and chemo may prolong life
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| Kidney Cancer | 3% of all cancer; may reach CONSIDERABLE size before detection; not responsice to chemo or radiation; radiation may be palliative measure
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| Kidney Cancer signs and symptoms | anemia, weakness, weight loss; Gross hematuria (blood in urine) and flank pain are late signs
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| Kidney Cancer treatment | nephrectomy (removal of kidney), NOT responsive to chemo or radiation; radiation may be palliative measure only
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| Bladder Cancer | mostly men 50-70 yrs old
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| Bladder Cancer risk factors | cigarette smoking & exposure to rubber and cable chemicals
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| Bladder Cancer signs and symptoms | painless intermittent hematuria, bladder irritability & infections; UTIs
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| Bladder Cancer treatment | partial or total cystectomy--may require urostomy; chemotherapy
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| Bone Cancer | abnormal osteoblast or myeloblast (marrow cells), exhibit rapid and uncontrolled growth; usually located around knee in distal femur or proximal fibula
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| Bone Cancer signs and symptoms | pathological break, limp or abnormal gait; usually the tumor has already spread
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| Bone Cancer treatment | amputation, chemotherapy, radiation
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| Endometriosis | female organ cancer; endometrial cells migrate out of uterus & attach to other organs in pelvic cavity
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| Endometriosis characteristics | builds & bleeds like tissue w/in the uterus, causing pain and local inflammation; considered benign uterine growth
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| Endometriosis complications | obstruction of organs in pelvic area (bladder, bowel, urethra)
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| Endometriosis treatment | drugs that decrease endometrionic growth, laparoscopy, ***hysterectomy***
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| C | Change in bowel or bladder
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| A | A lesion that does not heal
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| U | Unusual bleeding or discharge
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| T | Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
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| I | Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
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| O | Obvious changes in wart or mole
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| N | Nagging cough or persistent hoarseness
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