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ONCOLOGY -1400
Oncology-Alison Miles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Lymphoma | cancer that affect lymphatic system |
| 2 types of Lymphoma | Hodgkin's, Non-Hodgkin's |
| Hodgkin's | onset age 15-40 and then older than 55; Reed-Sternberg cells, orderly growth; MORE curable |
| Non-Hodgkin's | peak after age 50; 30 subtypes, NO Reed-Sternberg cells, B and T cell origins; Mets common; LESS curable |
| Reed-Sternberg cells | have Multi-nuclei |
| Lymphoma treated with | radiation, chemo, bone marrow transplant, immunotherapy w/monoclonal antibodies (tumor fighting antibodies) |
| Brain Tumors | named for cell type and area of the brain; 50% malignant; Gliomas are most common |
| Gliomas | tumors that originate in neuroglia & the brain or spinal cord |
| Brain Tumor treatment | surgical removal; limited radiation; some chemo; diurrhetic to lower BP; dim lights & sound; limit visitors, fluids; give oxygen |
| GI Tract Cancer | many develop from benign adenomas; approx. 75% develop in sigmoid colon and rectum; genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors contribute |
| Liver Cancer | RARELY begins in the liver; chemo is main treatment, but usually considered palliative treatment |
| Pancreas Cancer | FATAL-usually less than 1 yr; vague symptoms, look at BP |
| Pancreatic Cancer Signs and symptoms | in head of pancreas, include pain, jaundice, weight loss, N/V, and diarrhea; in center and tail, GI bleed or back pain; quickly spreads to duodenum, stomach, spleen & left adrenal gland |
| Pancreatic Cancer treatment | if cancer is in head, surgery may be an option; radiation and chemo may prolong life |
| Kidney Cancer | 3% of all cancer; may reach CONSIDERABLE size before detection; not responsice to chemo or radiation; radiation may be palliative measure |
| Kidney Cancer signs and symptoms | anemia, weakness, weight loss; Gross hematuria (blood in urine) and flank pain are late signs |
| Kidney Cancer treatment | nephrectomy (removal of kidney), NOT responsive to chemo or radiation; radiation may be palliative measure only |
| Bladder Cancer | mostly men 50-70 yrs old |
| Bladder Cancer risk factors | cigarette smoking & exposure to rubber and cable chemicals |
| Bladder Cancer signs and symptoms | painless intermittent hematuria, bladder irritability & infections; UTIs |
| Bladder Cancer treatment | partial or total cystectomy--may require urostomy; chemotherapy |
| Bone Cancer | abnormal osteoblast or myeloblast (marrow cells), exhibit rapid and uncontrolled growth; usually located around knee in distal femur or proximal fibula |
| Bone Cancer signs and symptoms | pathological break, limp or abnormal gait; usually the tumor has already spread |
| Bone Cancer treatment | amputation, chemotherapy, radiation |
| Endometriosis | female organ cancer; endometrial cells migrate out of uterus & attach to other organs in pelvic cavity |
| Endometriosis characteristics | builds & bleeds like tissue w/in the uterus, causing pain and local inflammation; considered benign uterine growth |
| Endometriosis complications | obstruction of organs in pelvic area (bladder, bowel, urethra) |
| Endometriosis treatment | drugs that decrease endometrionic growth, laparoscopy, ***hysterectomy*** |
| C | Change in bowel or bladder |
| A | A lesion that does not heal |
| U | Unusual bleeding or discharge |
| T | Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere |
| I | Indigestion or difficulty swallowing |
| O | Obvious changes in wart or mole |
| N | Nagging cough or persistent hoarseness |
Created by:
txladybug70
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