Upper Respiratory Disorders
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| Inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes *Most commonly from rhinovirus "common cold" | Rhinitis
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| Inflammation of the sinuses | Sinusitis
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| Most common sinus site for Sinusitis | Maxillary Sinus
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| expectorant used for sinusitis | guaifenesin (Mucinex)
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| inflammation of throat caused by viruses/bacteria | Pharyngitis
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| most serious form of pharyngitis. Symptoms: sore throat, dysphagia, fever, chills, HA, malaise, white patches on tonsils, swollen glands. | Group A streptococci: Strep throat
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| antibiotic treatment for Strep throat is | penicillin
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| how long does a C&S take to get results? | 3 days
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| a significant number of pts are allergic to penicillin (remember to ask about allergies!). what antibiotic could be an alternative | Azithromycin (z-pack)
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| important instruction to give to all pts taking antibiotics | Complete entire prescription of antibiotics
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| chronic tonsillar infection may lead to | partial upper airway obstruction
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| chronic adenoidal infection may lead to | otitis media
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| listed items of pt edu after tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy | report signs of bleeding (24-48 hrs)
gargle c warm saline
liquid/very soft diet (avoid spicy, textured, citrus, milky foods)
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| inflammation/swelling of mucous membranes that line larynx | Laryngitis
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| complete loss of voice | aphonia
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| persistent hoarseness (2 weeks) could be a sign of | laryngeal cancer
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| nosebleed from rupture of tiny capillaries in nasal mucous membrane | Epistaxis
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| Medical management for epistaxis | Direct continuous pressure(5-10 mins), ice pack, nasal packing, and topical vasoconstrictors
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| Your 17 year old pt has severe epistaxis due to blunt trauma to the nasal cavity during a soccer game. List two vasoconstrictors that the doctor may prescribe for this pt. | Phenylephrine and norepinephrine
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| who can remove nasal packing and balloon inflated catheter | the doctor
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| deviated septum, nasal polyps, and hypertrophied turbinates are | Nasal obstructions
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| How do you test for cerebral spinal fluid after a nose fracture? | CSF - Dextrostix
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| What substance is a Dextrostix testing for? | Glucose
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| Causes for laryngeal trauma/obstruction | motor vehicle accidents, blunt trauma, allergic reaction, and CHOKING!
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| Laryngeal obstruction is a | medical emergency
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| what maneuver do you use when someone is choking on food? | Abdominal thrust (formally Heimlich)
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| recurrent/frequent episodes of upper airway obstruction and reduced ventilation; cessation of breathing for at least 10 secs. | Sleep Apnea
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| what is the difference between obstructive and central sleep apnea? | obstructive: usually caused by tongue over airway
central: brain fails to signal lungs to breathe
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| regurgitation of swallowed air and formation of words | Esophageal speech
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| throat vibrator held against neck, projects sound into mouth | Artificial (electric) larynx
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| surgical insertion of prosthesic larynx | Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP)
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| provides constant airway pressure during inspiration and expiration | CPAP
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| two levels of pressure - inspiratory and expiratory airway pressures | Bipap
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| surgical procedure making an opening into trachea | tracheotomy
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| surgical opening into trachea which a tracheostomy/laryngectomy tube is inserted | Tracheostomy
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| what is used to put an outer cannula into a tracheostomy | obturator
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| what should always be kept at a beside after a tracheostomy? | Suctioning and tracheal dilator
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| pulling/suction force, on external chest | negative pressure (iron lung)
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| pushing air into lungs; requires intubation (endotracheal tube) most common type of air pressure for intubation | positive pressure
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| what types of patients receive endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation | pt c resp difficulties, comatose pts, pts under general anesthesia
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| how often should you auscultate lung sounds on a pt c endotracheal intubation/ mechanical ventilation | q 30 - 60 minutes
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| accidental removal of endotracheal tube may cause | laryngospasm
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Created by:
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