Terms from "Prehospital Emergency Care" Ch. 13
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| Apnea | absence of breathing; respiratory arrest.
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| Bronchoconstriction | constriction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles causing a narrowing of the air passageway.
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| Bronchodilatior | a drug that relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles and reverses bronchoconstriction
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| Bronchospasm | spasm or constriction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles.
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| Dyspnea | shortness of breath or perceived difficulty in breathing
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| Grunting | a sound heard in infants during exhalation when suffering from a respiratory problem that caused collapsed lungs
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| Hypercarbia | increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Also called hypercapnia.
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| Hypoxia | the absence of sufficient oxygen in the body cells.
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| Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI) | device consisting of a plastic container and a canister of medication that is used to inhale an aerosolized medication.
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| Pulsus Paradoxus | a drop in blood pressure of more than 10 mmHg during inhalation resulting from increased pressure within the chest that suppresses the filling of the ventricles of the heart with blood.
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| Respiratory Arrest | complete stoppage of breathing
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| Respiratory Distress | increased respiratory effort due to the impaired respiratory function; the sensation of difficulty breathing, although tidal volumes and respiratory rate are still adequate.
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| Respiratory Failure | inadequate respiratory rate and/or tidal volume
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| Spacer | a chamber that is connected to the metered-dose inhaler to collect the medication until it is inhaled.
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| Tripod Position | a position in which the patient sits upright, leans slightly forward, and supports the body with the arms in front and elbows locked. This is a position commonly found in respiratory distress
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