Chapter 3 in AFAA PFT Certification
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Identify and Describe the (3) cardinal planes of movement | Horizontal: divides the body into upper and lower
Frontal: divides the body into front and back
Saggital: divides the body into right and left
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| Define: Supine | Lying on the back, face up
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| Define: Prone | Lying face down
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| Define: Axial Skeleton | Trunk and head
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| Define: Appendicular Skeleton | Arms and Legs
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| Define: Diarthrodial Joints | Synovial Joints
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| Define: Cartilage | Semi-hard tissue that cushions joints and prevents bone-on-bone abrasions
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| Define: Synovial Membrane | Provides nourishment, lubrication, and hydrostatic cushioning
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| Define: Bursae | Fluid sacs and the end of bones, protects bony projections as they move past each other
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| Define: Ligament | Attaches bone to bone
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| Define: Tendon | Attaches bone to muscle
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| Define: Fascia | Attaches muscles together and holds myofilaments together to form a muscle
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| List the (9) primary joint actions of the shoulder. | Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Internal Rotation, External Rotation, Circumduction, Horizontal Flexion/Adduction, Horizontal Extension/Abduction
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| Name the Rotator Cuff Muscles (SITS) | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis
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| Describe the Shoulder Girdle | The Clavicles, Acromion Processes, Scapulas, and Sternum
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| Name the Primary Joint Actions of the Shoulder Girdle | Scapular Protration, Scapular Retraction, Scapular Depression, Scapular Elevation, Scapular Upward Rotation, Scapular Downward Rotation, Scapular Upward Tilt, Scapular return from Upward Tilt
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| Name the primary Joint Actions of the (3) Trapezius Muscle types | Scapular Retraction(Adduction), Scapular Depression, Scapular Elevation
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| Name the (4) Primary Joint actions of the spine | Spinal Flexion, Spinal Extension, Spinal Rotation, Spinal Lateral Flexion
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| Name the (3) Joint Actions of the Pelvic Girdle | Pelvic Anterior Tilt, Pelvic Posterior Tilt, Pelvic Lateral Tilt
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| Describe the concerns involved with excessive hip flexor strengthening and/or tightness | Low back pain and hip misalignment
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| Name the (3) muscles of the Hamstrings | Biceps Femoris, Semi-Tendinosis, Semi-Membranosus
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| Name the (4) muscles of the Quadriceps | Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius, Vastus Lateralis
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| List the (4) joint actions of the talocrural joint and subtalar joint | Dorsiflexion, Plantar Flexion, Inversion, Eversion
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| Define: Agonist | The muscle doing most of the work (concentric phase)
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| Define: Antagonist | The muscle that relaxes to allow the agonist to work
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| Define: Stabilizer | The muscle that works to maintain still joint movement
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| Define: Isometric | Held muscle action in which there is no joint change
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| Define: Concentric | When the muscle shortens or "crunches"
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| Define: Eccentric | When the muscle lengthens or "elongates"
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| Name (3) types of levers | Seesaw, Hammer and Nail, Wheelbarrow
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