Earth Science Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| the innermost layer of the Earth made of solid metals | core
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| the thin outer layer of the Earth made of solid rock | crust
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| the phases of the moon that occur due to the spinning of the planet or moon on its axis | lunar cycle
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| an imaginary line that runs between the North and South poles (tilted at 23.5 degrees) | axis
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| a crack in the crust of the Earth along which there has been movement of the rocks on either side of the crack | fault
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| the movement of sediment from one place to another by means of water, wind, or ice | erosion
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| the shaking of Earth's crust that may cause destruction to buildings. It happens when there is a sudden release of pressure along a fault line in the Earth, or from volcanic activity | earthquake
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| a place where one air mass meets and pushes aside another air mass | front
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| water that falls to Earth's surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail | precipitation
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| materials in the environment that are useful to people | natural resource
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| changes in water level at the shoreline that are caused by the pull of gravity betweeen the Earth and its moon | tides
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| large rocks orbiting the Sun, most of them are located between Mars and Jupiter | asteroids
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| the spinning of Earth on its axis | rotation
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| a repeating of up and down or back and forth movement of matter | wave
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| the change of water from one state to another as it moves betweeen Earth's surface and the atmosphere | water cycle
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| a process of changing a liquid into a gas, for example, when liquid water becomes water vapor | evaporation
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| the breaking down and wearing away of rock | weathering
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| one of the four main phases of the moon, during which it is directly between the Earth and the Sun (completely dark) | new moon
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| a solid natural material that has a crystal form and its own set of properties (rocks) | minerals
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| resources that nature cannot replace quickly enough to meet people's needs | nonrenewable resource
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| rock that is formed when sediments are pressed and cemented together | sedimentary rock
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| an impression of, or trace of an animal or plant from a long time ago that has been preserved in the Earth's Crust | fossil
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| resources that nature replaces as they are used (replaced in a short period of time) | renewable resources
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| one complete orbit around the Sun | revolution
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| an object that orbits a planet | satellite
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| any of the four planets whose orbits lie closest to the sun and are within the asteroid belt (terrestrial planets) | Inner planets
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| one object in space casting its shadow on another object in space | eclipse
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| a process in which sediments are deposited or dropped in a new place | deposition
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| melted rock that flows out of the ground onto Earth's surface | lava
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| the Earth is divided into four main layers; the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust | layers of the Earth
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| an eruption on the Sun's surface | solar flare
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| melted rock below Earth's surface | magma
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| a mountain built up from hardened lava, rocks, and ash that erupted out of Earth | volcano
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| the gas that surrounds a planet | atmosphere
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| Earth's physical features; natural structures | landforms
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| resources that are everlasting, impossible to use up | inexhaustible resource
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| bits of rock, soil, sand, shell and the remains of organisms | sediments
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| the sun's atmosphere made of hot gasses | Sun's corona
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| rock that formed from cooled magma or lava | igneous rock
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| the path that one object in space takes around another oject in space | orbit
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| the sections of the Earth's cust | Tectonic plates
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| planets with an orbit outside the asteroid belt (gas giants) | outer planets
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| fuels formed from the remains of decayed ancient plants and animals | fossil fuels
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| a layer of the Earth below the crust made of melted rock | mantle
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| a sun and all the objects that move around it | solar system
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| a liquid fossil fuel; also called crude oil | petroleum
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Created by:
Bentsen
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