A&P CH9 Nervous system
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| action potential | the sequence of electrical changes when a nerve cell membrane is exposed to a stimulus that exceeds its threshold
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| autonomic nervous system | portion of nervous system that controls the actions of the viscera
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| axon | a nerve fiber that conducts a nerve impulse away from a neuron cell body
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| central nervous system (CNS) | portion of nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord
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| chromatophilic substance | membranous sacs within cytoplasm of nerve cells that have ribosomes attached to their surfaces
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| convergence | nerve impulses arriving at the same neuron
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| dendrite | nerve fiber that transmits impulses toward a neuron cell body
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| divergence | a spreading apart
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| effector | a muscle or gland that responds to stimulation
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| facilitation | subthreshold stimulation of a neuron makes it more responsive to further stimulation
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| ganglion | a mass of neuron cell bodies, usually outside the central nervous system
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| meninges | membranes between the bone and soft tissues of the nervous system, protects the brain and spinal cord
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| myelin | fatty material that forms a sheath-like covering around some nerve fibers
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| neurilemma | sheath formed from Schwann cells on the outside of some nerve fibers
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| neurotransmitter | chemical that an axon end secretes to stimulate a muscle fiber to contract or a neuron to fire an impulse
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| parasympathetic nervous system | portion of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord
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| peripheral nervous system (PNS) | the portions of the nervous system outside the central nervous system
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| plexus | a network of interlaced nerves or blood vessels
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| reflex | a rapid, automatic response to a stimulus
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| sensory receptor | a specialized structure associated with the peripheral end of a sensory neuron specific to detecting a particular sensation and triggering a nerve impulse in response, which is transmitted to the central nervous system
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| somatic nervous system | motor pathways of peripheral nervous system that lead to the skin and skeletal muscles
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| sympathetic nervous system | portion of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord
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| synapse | the junction between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another neuron
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