Prentice Hall Science Explorer, Earth Science - Volcanoes
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| A major volcanic belt formed by the many volcanoes that rim the Pacific ocean. | Ring of Fire
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| a weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface. | volcano
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| a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water vapor from the mantle | magma
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| when magma reaches the surface, it is called? | lava
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| a string of islands formed by, and echoing, volcanoes along a deep ocean trench | island arc
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| an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust like a blow torch | hot spot
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| often lie in the middle of continental or oceanic plates far from any plate boundaries NOT due to subduction | hot spot
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| formed when magma rising toward the surface forms a large undergound pocket | magma chamber
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| a narrow, almost vertical crack in the crust through which magma rises to the surface | pipe
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| the river of lava that pours down a volcano and over the land | lava flow
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| a bowl-shaped area, where lava collects, that forms around the volcano's vent | crater
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| formed from the elements silicon and oxygen abundant in the the earth's crust and mantle | silica
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| a type of lava produced by quiet eruptions which is fast-moving, hot lava that looks like a solid mass of wringles, billows and roplike coils. | Pahoehoe
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| Lava produced by a quiet eruption which is cooler and slower-moving and when hardens, forms a rough srface consisting of jagged lava chunks | aa
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| The amount of this substance in magma helps to determine whether the volcanic eruption is quiet or explosive | silica
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| the more of this substance magma contains, the thicker it is | silica
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| occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out ash, cinders, and bombs as well as gases. | pyroclastic flow
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| Two types of volcanic eruptions | quiet and explosive
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| The huge hole left by the collapsing of a volcanic mountain | caldera
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| clean, reliable energy produced by water heated by magma in volcanic areas | geothermal energy
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| active volcano | a volcano that is erupting or has shown signs of erupting in the near future
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| extinct volcano | a volcano which is unlikely to erupt again
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| forms when groundwater heated by a nearby body of magma rises to the surface and collects in a natural pool | hot spring
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| a wide, gently sloping vocanic mountain formed when thin layers of lava pour out of a vent and harden on top of previous layers gradually building the mountain | shield volcano
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| Tall, cone shaped volcanic mountains forms by alternating lava flows and explosive eruptions of ash cinder and bombs in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash. Examples are Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount St. Helens in Washington state | cinder cone volcanoes
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| Where do most volcanoes occur on the earth's surface? | along diverging plate boundaries
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| diverging plate boundaries, include: | mid-ocean ridge, or in subduction zones around the edges of oceans
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| hot spot volcanos occur | far from the boundaries of continental or oceanic plates
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| a type of rock formed from lava with each strand being as fine as spun glass | Pele's hair
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| What types of lava are produced by quiet eruptions? | Pahoehoe and aa
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| a volcano which is sleeping but scientists expect it to awaken in the future and become active | dormant
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| Both quiet and explosive volcanic eruptions can produce damage far from the craters rim? True or False? | True
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| a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust forming the core of many mountain ranges | batholith
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| Like Earth, VEnus has volcanic mountains and other features that are probably made of thick lava T or F | False - probably made of thin, runny lava
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| The space probe Magellan observed vaolcanoes on Venus but no recent or ongoing eruptions, T or F | True
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| There are no volcanoes on Mars, T or F? | False - there are large shield volcanos, cone-shaped volcanoes and lava flows as on earth.
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| What type of volcano is most common Venus? | shield volcanoe's
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| Lava has flowed on Earth's moon, T or F? | True
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