Biology Ch. 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Atom | The basic unit of matter
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| Nucleus | The center of an atom; which contains the protons and neutrons.
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| Electron | Negatively charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus.
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| Element | Pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom.
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| Isotope | One of several forms of a single element, which contains the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
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| Compound | Substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
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| Ionic Bond | Type of bond between atoms in which one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
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| Ion | Atom that has a positive or negative charge.
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| Covalent Bond | Type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared.
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| Molecule | Smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound.
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| van der Waals forces | Slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.
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| Hydrogen Bond | Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom.
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| Cohesion | Force of attraction between molecules of the same substance - force of attraction allowing molecules to stick to other molecules of the same substance
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| Adhesion | Force of attraction between different kinds of molecules - force of attraction allowing a molecule to stick to something else.
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| Mixture | Material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined. Each compound retains its own chemical properties.
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| Solution | Type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed.
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| Solute | Substance that is dissolved in solution.
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| Solvent | Substance that does the dissolving in a solution.
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| Suspension | Mixture of water and nondissolved material.
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| pH Scale | Scale with values of 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution; a pH of 0 to 7 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH of 7 to 14 is basic.
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| Acid | Compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; a solution with a pH of less than 7.
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| Base | Compound that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution; a solution with a pH of more than 7.
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| Buffer | Compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH
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| Monomer | Small chemical unit that makes up a polymer.
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| Polymer | Molecules composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules.
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| Carbohydrate | Compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body.
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| Monosaccharide | Simple sugar molecule.
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| Lipid | Macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes.
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| Nucleotide | Subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base - basic building block/monomer of all nucleic acids.
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| Protein | Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair.
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| Amino Acid | Compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end. Building block/monomer of proteins.
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| Chemical Reaction | Process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another. Mass and energy must be conserved.
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| Reactant | Elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction
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| Product | Elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction
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| Activation Energy | Required energy to start/begin a chemical reaction
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| Catalyst | Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
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| Enzyme | Proteins that act as a biological catalyst - speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells.
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| Substrate | Reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
rhacker
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