Paramedic Patho
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| A pH of less than 7.35 in the body due to an excess of hydrogen ions is: | acidosis
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| Adipose tissue is composed of: | fat
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| A substance that gives up protons during chemical reactions is a: | acid
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| a high energy compound present in all cells that when split yields energy is: | ATP
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| A low concentration of hydrogen ions; a pH above 7.45; an excess of base in the body is: | alkalosis
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| The first stage of metabolism that does not require oxygen (the breakdown of glucose producing pyruvic acid and yields very little energy) is: | anaerobic metabolism
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| A marker on the surface of the cell that identifies it as "self" or nonself" is: | antigen
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| Preprogrammed cellular death is: | apoptosis
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| A decrease in cell size resulting from decreased workload is: | atrophy
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| The type of white blood cells that, in response to the presence of an antigen, produces antibodies that attack the antigen, develop a memory for the antigen, and confer long term immunity to the antigen is: | B lymphocytes
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| Substances that acquire protons during chemical reactions are: | Bases
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| Not cancerous, not able to spread to other tissues is: | Benign
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| When coping mechanisms no longer buffer job stressors, this is: | Burnout
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| Epinephrine and Norepinephrine are categorized as: | Catecholamines
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| An ion with a positive charge is a/an: | Cation
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| An ion with a negative charge is a/an: | Anion
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| Proteins that are the main component of connective tissue are: | Collagen
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| The early stage of shock during which the body's compensatory mechanisms are able to maintain normal perfusion is: | Compensated shock
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| This is referred to as the "stress hormone" | Cortisol
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| The thick fluid that fills the cell is called: | Cytoplasm
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| The removal of dead cells principally through phagocytosis is called: | Debridement
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| The emptying of granules from the interior of mast cells is called: | Degranulation
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| The movement of atoms or molecules from high concentration to low concentration is called: | Diffusion
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| A change in cell size, shape, or appearance caused by an external stressor is called: | Dysplasia
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| A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus is called a/an: | Electron
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| The process in which carrier proteins transport large molecules across the cell membrane is called: | Facilitated diffusion
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| Atoms or molecules with unpaired electrons in their outer shell that cause damage are called: | Free radicals
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| The body's dynamic steady state is called: | Homeostasis
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| Attracted to water is defined as: | hydrophilic
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| An excessive level of carbon dioxide in the blood is called: | Hypercarbia
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| An increase in cell size is: | Hypertrophy
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| A decreased partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is: | Hypoxemia
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| The fluid in body tissues that is outside the cells and outside the vascular system is called: | Interstitial fluid
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| The fluid within the circulatory system is called: | Intravascular fluid
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| White blood cells are called: | Leukocytes
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| Excessive vomiting could create what acid/base problem? | Metabolic alkalosis
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| DKA could create what type of acid/base problem? | Metabolic acidosis
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| The replacement of one type of cell by another type of cell that is not normal for that tissue is called: | Metaplasia
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| The movement of cancer cells to other areas of the body is called: | Metastasis
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| A tumor resulting from neoplasia is called a: | Neoplasm
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| The movement of a solvent (usually water) in a solution from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is called: | Osmosis
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| The bond that holds amino acids together is called a: | Peptide bond
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| The process whereby a cell engulfs (eats) large bacteria is called: | Phagocytosis
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| The scale that measures the hydrogen ions in the body is called: | pH
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| The class of lipids that form the membrane that surrounds cells are called: | Phospholipids
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| An unequal covalent bond is called a: | Polar bond
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| A positively charged particle within the nucleus of an atom is called a/an: | Proton
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| A foreign protein capable of producing fever is a/an: | Pyrogen
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| Acidity caused by abnormal retention of carbon dioxide resulting from impaired ventilation is called: | Respiratory acidosis
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| A chemical similar to DNA that serves as a template for protein synthesis is: | RNA
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| A mechanism of active transport, powered by ATP, that moves sodium ions out and potassium ions into the cell is called the: | Sodium Potassium pump
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| This type of white blood cell attacks antigens directly. It is called: | T lymphocytes
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| These are considered the powerhouse of the cell: | Mitochondria
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| A respiratory rate of 4, pH of 7.26, ETCO2 of 68, HCO3 of 24 represents what acid/base condition? | Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
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| A respiratory rate of 12, pH of 7.26, ETCO2 of 38, HCO3 of 29 represents what acid/base condition? | Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
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| The human somatic cell nucleus contains how many chromosomes? | 46
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| K+ is: | Potassium
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| A respiratory rate of 36, pH of 7.56, ETCO2 of 28, HCO3 of 24 represents what acid/base condition? | Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
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| Normal saline and Lactated Ringers are what types of solution? | Isotonic Crystalloids
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| A solution that does not cause a fluid shift in a patient is a/an: | Isotonic
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| A solution that has a higher solute concentration than the cells of the body is said to be what type of solution? | Hypertonic
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| A solution that has a lower solute concentration than the cells of the body is said to be what type of solution? | Hypotonic
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| The abbreviation for sodium is: | Na
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| D5W is what type of solution? | Hypotonic
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| A person has a disease where the predisposing factors can't be identified. The disease is said to be: | Idiopathic
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| The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is referred to as the: | Mass number
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| Oxygen has an atomic number of: | Eight
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| Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into: | Glucose
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| The normal pH range in the body is: | 7.35-7.45
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| The normal HCO3 range in the body is: | 22-26
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| The normal ETCO2 range in the body is: | 35-45
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| If the pH drops, that means the hydrogen ions have: | Increased
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| The fastest pH buffer system is the: | Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
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| Carbonic acid is broken down into what molecules? | Water and Carbon dioxide
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| 60% of your total body weight is from: | Water
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| Most of the human body's water is found in this fluid: | Intracellular
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| Hyponatremia is too little of what? | Sodium
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| Too much potassium in the blood is called: | Hyperkalemia
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| Too much Ca++ in the blood is called: | Hypercalcemia
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| Red blood cells are called: | Erythrocytes
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| This portion of the blood helps to clot, also called thrombocytes: | Platelets
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| The percentage of blood occupied by erythrocytes is the: | Hematocrit
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| This portion of the cell serves as the "garbage disposal" and removes worn out parts: | Lysosomes
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| C6H12O6 is what molecule? | Glucose
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| ATP stands for: | Adenosine triphosphate
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| The first stage of cellular respiration is: | Glycolysis
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| Cellular respiration in total (all 3 stages) produces roughly how many ATP? | 36
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| The breakdown of glucose without oxygen is called: | Fermentation
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| These type of tissues connects bone to bone | Ligaments
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| Inadequate perfusion, sometimes called shock, is called: | Hypoperfusion
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| The resistance against which the ventricle must contract is called: | Afterload
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| The amount of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute is called: | Cardiac output
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| The stage of shock where medical interventions will not longer be able to save the patient is: | Irreversible shock
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| This type of shock is "pump failure" | Cardiogenic shock
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| This type of shock can be from damage to the spinal cord: | Neurogenic shock
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| This type of shock could be the result of the body responding to a foreign substance: | Anaphylactic shock
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| Bleeding or loss of fluid would lead to this type of shock if untreated: | Hypovolemic shock
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| This type of shock results from a severe systemic infection: | Septic shock
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| This type of immunoglobulin, though least concentrated, is the principal antibody in anaphylaxsis: | IgE
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| Stimulation of B1 receptors would have what effect on heart rate? | Increase
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Created by:
jvrooman
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