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Blinn Patho
Paramedic Patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A pH of less than 7.35 in the body due to an excess of hydrogen ions is: | acidosis |
| Adipose tissue is composed of: | fat |
| A substance that gives up protons during chemical reactions is a: | acid |
| a high energy compound present in all cells that when split yields energy is: | ATP |
| A low concentration of hydrogen ions; a pH above 7.45; an excess of base in the body is: | alkalosis |
| The first stage of metabolism that does not require oxygen (the breakdown of glucose producing pyruvic acid and yields very little energy) is: | anaerobic metabolism |
| A marker on the surface of the cell that identifies it as "self" or nonself" is: | antigen |
| Preprogrammed cellular death is: | apoptosis |
| A decrease in cell size resulting from decreased workload is: | atrophy |
| The type of white blood cells that, in response to the presence of an antigen, produces antibodies that attack the antigen, develop a memory for the antigen, and confer long term immunity to the antigen is: | B lymphocytes |
| Substances that acquire protons during chemical reactions are: | Bases |
| Not cancerous, not able to spread to other tissues is: | Benign |
| When coping mechanisms no longer buffer job stressors, this is: | Burnout |
| Epinephrine and Norepinephrine are categorized as: | Catecholamines |
| An ion with a positive charge is a/an: | Cation |
| An ion with a negative charge is a/an: | Anion |
| Proteins that are the main component of connective tissue are: | Collagen |
| The early stage of shock during which the body's compensatory mechanisms are able to maintain normal perfusion is: | Compensated shock |
| This is referred to as the "stress hormone" | Cortisol |
| The thick fluid that fills the cell is called: | Cytoplasm |
| The removal of dead cells principally through phagocytosis is called: | Debridement |
| The emptying of granules from the interior of mast cells is called: | Degranulation |
| The movement of atoms or molecules from high concentration to low concentration is called: | Diffusion |
| A change in cell size, shape, or appearance caused by an external stressor is called: | Dysplasia |
| A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus is called a/an: | Electron |
| The process in which carrier proteins transport large molecules across the cell membrane is called: | Facilitated diffusion |
| Atoms or molecules with unpaired electrons in their outer shell that cause damage are called: | Free radicals |
| The body's dynamic steady state is called: | Homeostasis |
| Attracted to water is defined as: | hydrophilic |
| An excessive level of carbon dioxide in the blood is called: | Hypercarbia |
| An increase in cell size is: | Hypertrophy |
| A decreased partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is: | Hypoxemia |
| The fluid in body tissues that is outside the cells and outside the vascular system is called: | Interstitial fluid |
| The fluid within the circulatory system is called: | Intravascular fluid |
| White blood cells are called: | Leukocytes |
| Excessive vomiting could create what acid/base problem? | Metabolic alkalosis |
| DKA could create what type of acid/base problem? | Metabolic acidosis |
| The replacement of one type of cell by another type of cell that is not normal for that tissue is called: | Metaplasia |
| The movement of cancer cells to other areas of the body is called: | Metastasis |
| A tumor resulting from neoplasia is called a: | Neoplasm |
| The movement of a solvent (usually water) in a solution from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is called: | Osmosis |
| The bond that holds amino acids together is called a: | Peptide bond |
| The process whereby a cell engulfs (eats) large bacteria is called: | Phagocytosis |
| The scale that measures the hydrogen ions in the body is called: | pH |
| The class of lipids that form the membrane that surrounds cells are called: | Phospholipids |
| An unequal covalent bond is called a: | Polar bond |
| A positively charged particle within the nucleus of an atom is called a/an: | Proton |
| A foreign protein capable of producing fever is a/an: | Pyrogen |
| Acidity caused by abnormal retention of carbon dioxide resulting from impaired ventilation is called: | Respiratory acidosis |
| A chemical similar to DNA that serves as a template for protein synthesis is: | RNA |
| A mechanism of active transport, powered by ATP, that moves sodium ions out and potassium ions into the cell is called the: | Sodium Potassium pump |
| This type of white blood cell attacks antigens directly. It is called: | T lymphocytes |
| These are considered the powerhouse of the cell: | Mitochondria |
| A respiratory rate of 4, pH of 7.26, ETCO2 of 68, HCO3 of 24 represents what acid/base condition? | Uncompensated respiratory acidosis |
| A respiratory rate of 12, pH of 7.26, ETCO2 of 38, HCO3 of 29 represents what acid/base condition? | Uncompensated metabolic acidosis |
| The human somatic cell nucleus contains how many chromosomes? | 46 |
| K+ is: | Potassium |
| A respiratory rate of 36, pH of 7.56, ETCO2 of 28, HCO3 of 24 represents what acid/base condition? | Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis |
| Normal saline and Lactated Ringers are what types of solution? | Isotonic Crystalloids |
| A solution that does not cause a fluid shift in a patient is a/an: | Isotonic |
| A solution that has a higher solute concentration than the cells of the body is said to be what type of solution? | Hypertonic |
| A solution that has a lower solute concentration than the cells of the body is said to be what type of solution? | Hypotonic |
| The abbreviation for sodium is: | Na |
| D5W is what type of solution? | Hypotonic |
| A person has a disease where the predisposing factors can't be identified. The disease is said to be: | Idiopathic |
| The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is referred to as the: | Mass number |
| Oxygen has an atomic number of: | Eight |
| Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into: | Glucose |
| The normal pH range in the body is: | 7.35-7.45 |
| The normal HCO3 range in the body is: | 22-26 |
| The normal ETCO2 range in the body is: | 35-45 |
| If the pH drops, that means the hydrogen ions have: | Increased |
| The fastest pH buffer system is the: | Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system |
| Carbonic acid is broken down into what molecules? | Water and Carbon dioxide |
| 60% of your total body weight is from: | Water |
| Most of the human body's water is found in this fluid: | Intracellular |
| Hyponatremia is too little of what? | Sodium |
| Too much potassium in the blood is called: | Hyperkalemia |
| Too much Ca++ in the blood is called: | Hypercalcemia |
| Red blood cells are called: | Erythrocytes |
| This portion of the blood helps to clot, also called thrombocytes: | Platelets |
| The percentage of blood occupied by erythrocytes is the: | Hematocrit |
| This portion of the cell serves as the "garbage disposal" and removes worn out parts: | Lysosomes |
| C6H12O6 is what molecule? | Glucose |
| ATP stands for: | Adenosine triphosphate |
| The first stage of cellular respiration is: | Glycolysis |
| Cellular respiration in total (all 3 stages) produces roughly how many ATP? | 36 |
| The breakdown of glucose without oxygen is called: | Fermentation |
| These type of tissues connects bone to bone | Ligaments |
| Inadequate perfusion, sometimes called shock, is called: | Hypoperfusion |
| The resistance against which the ventricle must contract is called: | Afterload |
| The amount of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute is called: | Cardiac output |
| The stage of shock where medical interventions will not longer be able to save the patient is: | Irreversible shock |
| This type of shock is "pump failure" | Cardiogenic shock |
| This type of shock can be from damage to the spinal cord: | Neurogenic shock |
| This type of shock could be the result of the body responding to a foreign substance: | Anaphylactic shock |
| Bleeding or loss of fluid would lead to this type of shock if untreated: | Hypovolemic shock |
| This type of shock results from a severe systemic infection: | Septic shock |
| This type of immunoglobulin, though least concentrated, is the principal antibody in anaphylaxsis: | IgE |
| Stimulation of B1 receptors would have what effect on heart rate? | Increase |
Created by:
jvrooman
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