Chemistry
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Alleles | The different forms of a gene.
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| Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
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| Trait | A characteristic that an organism can pass to offspring through genes.
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| Recessive | An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
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| Dominant | An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when it is present.
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| Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance or visible traits.
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| Genotype | An organism's genetic makeup or allele combinations.
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| Homozygous | when both alleles are the same
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| Heterozygous | When the pair of alleles are different
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| Mutation | a change or alteration in form or qualities
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| Replication | the action of copying or reproducing something.
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| Nucleotide | a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
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| Transcription | is the first step in gene expression. It involves copying a gene's DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule.
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| Translation | In this stage, the mRNA is "decoded" to build a protein (or a chunk/subunit of a protein) that contains a specific series of amino acids.
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| Karyotyping | is the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
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| Codon | a triplet of adjacent nucleotides in the messenger RNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid in the synthesis of a protein molecule.
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| Anticodon | a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
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| Recombinant DNA | DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents from different organisms.
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| Restriction enzyme | an enzyme produced chiefly by certain bacteria, having the property of cleaving DNA molecules at or near a specific sequence of bases.
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| Genetic engineering | the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
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