Biology Chapter 12
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| transformation | heat-killed bacteria passed their disease-causing ability to a harmless strain of bacteria
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| bacteriophage | a virus that infects bacteria
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| nucleotide | units that make up DNA
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| base pairing | hydrogen bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
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| chromatin | unwound DNA found in the nucleus of a cell
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| histone | protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin
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| replication | copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
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| DNA polymerase | enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
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| genes | are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell
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| messenger RNA | RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell
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| ribosomal RNA | type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes
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| transfer RNA | type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
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| transcription | process in which part of the nuleotide sequence of DNA is copied into complementary sequence in RNA
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| RNA polymerase | enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds to DNA and separates the DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription
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| promoter | region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA
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| intron | sequence pf DNA that is not involved in coding for a protein
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| exon | expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein
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| codon | 3-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
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| translation | decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
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| anticodon | group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon
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| mutation | change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
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| point mutation | gene mutation involving changes in one or a few nucleotides
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| frameshift mutation | mutation that "shifts" the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
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| polyploidy | the condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
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| operon | a group of genes that operate together
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| operator | region of chromosome in an operon to which the repressor binds when the operon is "turned off"
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| differentiation | process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
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| hox genes | series of genes that controls the differentiation of cells and tissues in an embryo
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
Winkels
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