Biology Module 4 Study Guide
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| 1a. Extracellular digestion | show 🗑
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| show | The part of the fungus responsible for extracellular digestion and absorption of the digested food.
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| 1c. Hypha | show 🗑
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| 1d. Rhizoid hypha | show 🗑
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| show | A hypha that is not imbedded in the material upon which the fungus grows.
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| show | Specialized aerial hypha that produces spores.
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| 1g. Stolon | show 🗑
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| 1h. Haustorium | show 🗑
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| show | A chemical that provides both toughness and flexibility.
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| 1j. Membrane | show 🗑
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| show | The anaerobic breakdown of sugars into smaller molecules.
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| 1l. Zygospore | show 🗑
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| 1m. Zygote | show 🗑
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| show | A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction rate of other organisms.
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| show | Extracellular digestion, mycelia, hyphae, rhizoid hyphae, chitin, cells.
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| 2b. Which are present in only a few species? | show 🗑
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| 3. Some biologists say that a mushroom is much like an iceberg, because only about 10% of an iceberg is visible from the surface of the ocean. What do they mean? | show 🗑
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| show | Septate hyphae- The hyphae are composed of individual cells separated from one another by cell walls. Nonseptate hyphae- There are no walls and the nuclei are spread throughout the hypha.
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| 5a. What is the function of the following specialized hyphae? | show 🗑
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| 5b. | show 🗑
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| show | Sporophore- Produces spores.
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| 5d. | show 🗑
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| 6. Of the hyphae listed in question 5, which are aerial? | show 🗑
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| 7. What is the difference between a sporangiophore and a conidiophore? | show 🗑
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| show | Basidiomycota- Form spores on clublike basidia.
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| show | Ascomycota- Form spores in saclike asci.
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| 8c. | show 🗑
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| show | Chytridiomycota- Forms spores that have flagella.
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| show | Deuteromycota- Reproduction method is unknown.
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| 8f. | show 🗑
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| show | 1.Two mycelia are formed. 2.Two fused mycelia sexually reproduce. 3.New mycelia form. 4.Hyphae form in membrane. 5.Stripe & cap emerge from button. 6.Full stripe and cap become present. 7.Basidiospores created. 8.Basidia release basidiospores.
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| show | They all reproduce differently.
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| show | A host that is not the main host.
Rusts
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| show | Yeast.
Ascomycota.
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| show | The daughter cell remains attached to the parent cell as it grows.
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| show | Cryphonectria parasitica which causes chestnut blight. Ophiostoma ulmi which causes Dutch elm disease.
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| 15. Describe the three ways a bread mold can reproduce. In each case, specify whether the reproduction is sexual or asexual. | show 🗑
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| show | Its reproduction method is unknown.
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| 17. What can happen when an antibiotic is used too much? | show 🗑
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| show | genus Penicillium
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| show | kingdom Protista
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| show | Dry the area.
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| 21. What are the two major forms of mutualism in which fungi participate? Describe each relationship and the job of each participant in that relationship. | show 🗑
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| 21. | show 🗑
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| show | A dustlike substance that contains spores of both the alga and the fungus of a symbiosis.
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