Evolution Vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Adaptation | An inherited trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment
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| Analogous structures | Refers to body parts that share a common function but are not structurally related.
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| Artificial Selection | The practice by which humans select plants or animals for breeding based on desired traits.
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| Cladogram | Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.
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| Common descent | Principle that all living things were derived from common ancestors
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| Descent with modification | Over time, species have evolved into new species.
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| Embryology | The study of development of an organism. If organisms develop in similar ways they are also likely to share a common ancestor.
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| Evolution | Refers to the process in which populations gradually change over time.
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| Extinction | When all of the members of a species have died.
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| Fitness | Describes how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment.
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| Homologous Structures | Related organisms share common structural traits, like limbs on a human and the front legs of a cat.
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| Jean Baptiste Lamarck | Thought that acquired traits, like stronger muscles, could be passed on to offspring.
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| Molecular Evidence | Scientists have found that species that are closely related have similar DNA in their cells.
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| Mutation | A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
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| Natural Selection | The process by which organisms that inherit advantageous traits tend to reproduce more successfully than the other organisms do.
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| Speciation | The formation of a new species.
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| Theory | A well-supported and widely accepted explanation of nature. These explain how things happen in nature.
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| Thomas Malthus | Influenced Darwin because he described "the struggle for survival" among species due to population growth and limiting factors.
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| Variations | These are natural differences in traits within a species.
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| Vestigial organs | These no longer have any function in the body but have been retained during the process of evolution.
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