Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders
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on it to display the answer.
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| What is it called when the resting blood pressure is too high? | Hypertension
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| With hypertension the systolic pressure is __________mm Hg or higher. | 140
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| With hypertension the diastolic pressure is ________ mm Hg or higher. | 90
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| When the person has a systolic pressure between 120-139 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure between 80-89 mm Hg the person is diagnosed with ______-_______________. | Pre-hypertension
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| Hypertension can be caused by ______________ disorders, head injuries, some pregnancy problems, and adrenal gland tumors. | Kidney
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| Hypertension can lead to stroke, hardening of the ______________, heart attack, heart failure, kidney failure, and blindness. | Arteries
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| Risk factors for hypertension that you cannot change include age: ________ years or older for men and 55 years or older for women. | 45
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| Younger women are at a _____________ risk than younger men for developing hypertension. | Lower
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| The risk of hypertension __________ for women after menopause. | Increases
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| African-Americans are at a ________________ risk for hypertension than whites. | Greater
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| Risk factors for hypertension that you cannot change include a ___________ history of hypertension. | Family
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| Risk factors for hypertension that you _____________ change include being over-weight, stress, tobacco use, high-salt diet, excessive alcohol use, atherosclerosis, and pre-hypertension. | Can
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| Lack of _____________ is a risk factor for hypertension that you can change. | Exercise
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| Men are at a ____________ risk than women of developing coronary artery disease. | Greater
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| Risk of coronary artery disease increases in men after age _______. | 45
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| Risk of coronary artery disease increase in women after age _________. | 55
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| African-Americans are at a ____________ risk than other groups of developing cardiovascular disease. | Greater
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| Being __________-___________ and lack of exercise are factors you can change to decrease your risk of coronary artery disease. | Over-weight
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| Having high blood _______________ and hypertension increases the risk of coronary artery disease. | Cholesterol
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| Smoking and diabetes are things that you can _____________ to reduce your risk of coronary artery disease. | Control
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| With coronary artery disease (CAD), the coronary arteries become __________ and narrow. | Hardened
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| Major complications of CAD are angina, heart attack, irregular heartbeats, and sudden _____________. | Death
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| Another term for myocardial infarction is __________ _____________. | Heart attack
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| What word mean chest pain? | Angina
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| Angina is chest pain from reduced __________ ___________ to a part of the heart muscle. | Blood flow
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| Angina occurs when the heart needs more ___________. | Oxygen
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| The _____________ associated with angina can occur in the shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. | Pain
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| When a person is having angina, ______________ for 3 to 15 minutes often relieves the symptoms. | Resting
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| Along with rest, the person may take a ________________ called nitroglycerin to help relieve angina. | Medication
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| Nitroglycerin is kept within the person's ____________ at all times. | Reach
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| chest pain lasting longer than a few minutes and not relieved by rest and nitroglycerin may signal a ___________ _____________. | Heart attack
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| With myocardial infarction (MI) part of the heart muscle ____________. | Dies
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| In an MI, blood flow to the heart muscle is suddenly _______________. | Blocked
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| In an MI, the ______________ area may be small or large. | Damaged
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include sudden, severe chest pain usually on the _____________ side. | Left
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include chest pain that can be described as crushing, stabbing, or _______________. | Squeezing
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include chest pain that may feel like someone is _______________ on the chest. | Sitting
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include _________ ___________ that is not relieved by rest and nitroglycerin. | Chest pain
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include pain or numbness in one or both arms, the back, neck _____________, or stomach | Jaw
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include perspiration and ____________, clammy skin. | Cold
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include pallor (pale skin) and _____________. | Cyanosis
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include ____________ blood pressure. | Low
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include weak and irregular ____________. | Pulse
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| Signs and symptoms of a MI include _____________, apprehension, and a feeling of doom. | Fear
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| A person may need medical or surgical procedures to open or ____________ the diseased artery. | Bypass
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| A person who has had a MI needs ______________ rehabilitation. | Cardiac
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| Heart failure of congestive heart failure (CHF) occurs when the _____________ heart cannot pump normally. | Weakened
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| When the left side of the heart cannot pump blood normally, blood backs up into the _________________. | Lungs
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| Left sided heart failure can lead to poor blood flow to the ____________ causing confusion, dizziness, and fainting. | Brain
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| When the right side of the heart cannot pump blood normally, blood backs up into the venous system causing feet and ankles to ________________. | Swell
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| What type of diet is ordered for persons with heart failure? | Sodium-controlled
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| Semi-Fowler's position is the preferred position for ________________ when someone has CHF. | Breathing
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| When caring for someone with CHF you need to measure ____________ and output. | Intake
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| When caring for someone with CHF you need to measure weight _______________. | Daily
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| When caring for someone with CHF you need to restrict __________ as ordered. | Fluids
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| When caring for someone with CHF you need to take measures to prevent skin ________________ and pressure ulcers. | Breakdown
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| When caring for someone with CHF you need to assist with _______-________ activities. | Self-care
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| When caring for someone with CHF you need to apply compression _______________ as ordered. | Stockings
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| Good skin care and regular position ______________ are important when caring for someone with CHF. | Changes
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| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves two disorders: chronic _______________ and emphysema. | Bronchitis
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| COPD interferes with oxygen and carbon dioxide _______________ in the lungs. | Exchange
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| Chronic bronchitis occurs after repeated episodes of _______________. | Bronchitis
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| What is a major cause of chronic bronchitis? | Smoking
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| Over time, a person with chronic bronchitis will begin to cough up _____________ that may contain pus. | Mucus
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| A person with chronic bronchitis has difficulty ______________ and gets tired easily. | Breathing
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| The risk of _____________ tract infections is very high in persons with chronic bronchitis. | Respiratory
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| In emphysema the alveoli ______________ and become less elastic. | Enlarge
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| What is a common cause of emphysema? | Smoking
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| Respiratory therapy, breathing exercises, _____________ and medications are common treatments for persons with emphysema. | Oxygen
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| What is the disorder in which the airway becomes inflamed and narrow? | Asthma
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| Wheezing and _____________ are common signs of asthma. | Coughing
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| Over time, the person with chronic bronchitis will cough up _____________ that may contain pus. | Mucus
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| The person with chronic bronchitis has difficulty ____________ and tires easily. | Breathing
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| When someone has chronic bronchitis _____________ tract infection are prevented. | Respiratory
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| In emphysema the alveoli ______________ and become less elastic. | Enlarge
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| What is a common cause of emphysema? | Smoking
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| Respiratory therapy, breathing exercises, _________________, and medications are ordered to treat emphysema. | Oxygen
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| What is the disorder called in which the airway becomes inflamed and narrow? | Asthma
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| Wheezing and _______________ are common signs of asthma. | Coughing
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| What is a respiratory infection caused by viruses? | Influenza
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| Changes in ______________ status may signal flu in older persons. | Mental
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| Worsening of other _____________ problems may signal flu in older persons. | Health
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| A body temperature _______________ the normal range may signal flu in older persons. | Below
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| Increased _______________ may signal flu in older persons. | Fatigue
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| Decreased ______________ and fluid intake may signal flu in older persons. | Appetite
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons ____________ years of age and older. | 50
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who have chronic _____________, lung, liver, or kidney disease. | Heart
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who have ____________. | Diabetes
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons that have ______________ system problems. | Immune
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who have ________________ system disorders. | Nervous
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who have a severe form of _______________ (decreased hemoglobin in the blood). | Anemia
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who are __________________. | Pregnant
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who are living in _____________ centers. | Nursing
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who are ___________ _____________ workers. | Heath care
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| The CDC recommends the flu vaccine for persons who are in contact with person at __________ ____________ for flu-related complications. | High risk
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| What is an inflammation and infection of lung tissue in which the affected tissues fill with fluid? | Pneumonia
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| With pneumonia, oxygen and carbon dioxide ________________ is affected. | Exchange
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| What type of pneumonia is common in older persons? | Aspiration
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| With pneumonia, the color of the ______________ (thick and white, green, yellow, or rust-colored) depends on the cause. | Sputum
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| Persons with pneumonia are treated with ______________ for infection and pain. | Medications
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| When a person has pneumonia, _______________ intake is increased because of fever and to thin secretions. | Fluid
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| What position eases breathing? | Semi-Fowler's
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| Tuberculosis (TB) is spread by ______________ droplets with coughing, sneezing, speaking, singing, or laughing. | Airborne
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| Persons having ___________, frequent contact with those infected with TB are at risk. | Close
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