Oxygen Needs and Respiratory Therapies
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the respiratory system. Structures must be _________ and function properly. | Intact
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the respiratory system. An open (patent) ____________ is needed. | Airway
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the respiratory system. _____________ (air sacs) must exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. | Alveoli
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the circulatory system. Blood must flow to and from the __________. | Heart
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the circulatory system. Narrowed ___________ affect blood flow. | Vessels
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the circulatory system. Red blood cells (RBCs) contain __________________. | Hemoglobin
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the circulatory system. Hemoglobin picks up _____________ in the lungs and carries it to the cells. | Oxygen
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| Oxygen needs are affected by the nervous system. _____________ damage affects respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth. | Brain
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| Oxygen needs are affected by aging. Respiratory muscles ____________. | Weaken
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| Oxygen needs are affected by aging. Lung tissue is less __________. | Elastic
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| Oxygen needs are affected by aging. Strength for ____________ decreases. | Coughing
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| Oxygen needs are affected by exercise. Oxygen needs _____________ with exercise. | Increase
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| Oxygen needs _____________ when a person has a fever. | Increase
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| Oxygen needs ________________ when a person is in pain. | Increase
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| What means slow, weak respiration at a rate of fewer than 12 per minute? | Respiratory depression
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| What is it called when breathing stops? | Respiratory arrest
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| Oxygen needs are affected by medications. Medications can depresses the respiratory system making breathing too shallow to bring _____________ into the lungs. | Oxygen
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| Oxygen needs are affected by medications. ________________ medications can cause respiratory arrest. | Narcotic
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| Substance abusers are at risk for respiratory depression and respiratory arrest due to medication __________-__________. | Over-doses
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| What is a sensitivity to a substance that causes the body to react with signs and symptoms including runny nose, wheezing, and congestion? | Allergy
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| What is a harmful chemical or substance in the air or water? | Pollutant
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| The body needs ____________ and vitamins B12, C, and folate to produce RBCs. | Iron
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| Oxygen and ____________ ____________ are exchange in the alveoli. | Carbon dioxide
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| What is it called when the cells do not have enough oxygen? | Hypoxia
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| Anything affecting ______________ function can cause hypoxia. | Respiratory
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| What is an early sign of hypoxia? | Restlessness
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| Other signs and symptoms of hypoxia include _____________ and disorientation. | Dizziness
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| Hypoxia is life-threatening because all organs need ____________ to function. | Oxygen
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| What is a bluish color to the skin, lips, mucous membranes, and nail beds? | Cyanosis
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| What is rapid breathing at a rate greater than 20 per minute? | Tachypnea
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| Fever, exercise, pain, pregnancy, airway obstruction, and hypoxemia are common causes of __________. | Tachypnea
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| What is a reduced amount of oxygen in the blood. | Hypoxemia
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| What is slow breathing at a rate of fewer than 12 per minute? | Bradypnea
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| What is the lack or absence of breathing that occurs in sudden cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest? | Apnea
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| What is it called when respirations are slow, shallow, and sometimes irregular? | Hypoventilation
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| What is it called when respirations are rapid and deeper than normal? | Hyperventilation
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| What is difficult, labored, or painful breathing called? | Dyspnea
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| What are respirations that gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow? | Cheyne-Stokes
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| With Cheyne-Stokes respirations breathing may __________ for 10-20 seconds. | Stop
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| Cheyne-Stokes respirations are common when ___________ is near. | Death
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| What is breathing deeply and comfortably only when sitting? | Orthopnea
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| What are rapid and deep respirations followed by 10-30 seconds of apnea? | Biot's respirations
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| What are very deep and rapid respirations that signal a diabetic coma? | Kussmaul respirations
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| What is mucous from the respiratory system called? | Sputum
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| Sputum and be clear, white, yellow, green, brown, or red depending on the ________________. | Cause
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| The ______________ of sputum could be thick, watery, or frothy (with bubbles or foam) | Consistency
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| What is the term for bloody sputum? | Hemoptysis
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| When performing a lung scan, the person inhales a ______________ gas. | Radioactive
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| When performing a lung scan, a radioisotope is injected into a ______________. | Vein
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| When performing a lung scan, the lung tissues that are getting air and blood flow _______________ up under that scan. | Light
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| What is the procedure called in which the pleura is punctured and air or fluid is removed? | Thoracentesis
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| A thoracentesis involves a doctor inserting a _____________ through the chest wall into the pleural sac. | Needle
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| A ________________ function test measures the amount of air moving into and out of the lungs. | Pulmonary
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| What is the amount (percentage) of hemoglobin containing oxygen? | Oxygen concentration
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| The normal range for oxygen ________________ is 95%-100%. | Concentration
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| The oxygen (O2) concentration sensor attaches to a ___________, toe, earlobe, nose, or forehead. | Finger
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| What measures the oxygen concentration in arterial blood? | Pulse oximetry
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| The pulse oximeter shows the oxygen concentration and the ____________ rate. | Pulse
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| The alarm on the pulse oximeter sounds if the oxygen concentration is too ____________. | Low
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| The alarm on the pulse oximeter sounds if the _______________ is too fast or too slow. | Pulse
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| Pulse oximetry is affected by bright light, nail __________, fake nails, and movement. | Polish
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| Blood pressure cuffs affect blood flow so you do not take BP on the ___________ side that the finger site is used for pulse oximetry measurement. | Same
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| The person's apical or radial pulse should ____________ the pulse rate displayed on the pulse oximetry meter. | Equal
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| Respiratory disorders cause the lungs, bronchi, and trachea to secrete ______________. | Mucus
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| Pain, immobility, and narcotic medications interfere with deep breathing and coughing causing ______________ to collect in the airway and lungs. | Secretions
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| When secretions collect in the airway and lungs it interferes with __________ movement and lung function. | Air
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| Secretions provide a place for __________ to grow and multiply making infection a risk. | Microbes
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| Person that have difficulty breathing often prefer to sit up and lean over a table to breathe this position is called _____________ position. | Orthopenic
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| When a person is sitting in orthopenic position you can place a _________ on the table to increase the person's comfort. | Pillow
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| If a person lies on one side for a long time it can cause secretions to pool because lungs cannot _____________ on that side. | Expand
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| Position changes are needed at least every __________ hours. | Two
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| What moves air into most parts of the lungs? | Deep breathing
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| What helps to remove mucus? | Coughing
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| Deep-breathing and coughing exercises promote ______________. | Oxygenation
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| Deep-breathing and coughing exercises are done after surgery or injury and during ______________. | Bedrest
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| What is the collapse of a portion of the lung? | Atelectasis
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| Atelectasis occurs when ____________ collects in the airway. | Mucus
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| Deep breathing and coughing are usually done every __________ hours while the person is awake. | Two
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| When asked to assist with deep-breathing and coughing exercises you need to know how many __________ the person needs to repeat the exercises. | Times
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| When the person is doing deep-breathing and coughing exercises they need to inhale through the ________________. | Nose
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| When the person is doing deep-breathing and coughing exercises they need to exhale slowly through ____________ lips. | Pursed
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| When the person is doing deep-breathing and coughing exercises they need to place both hands or a ______________ over abdominal incisions. | Pillow
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| When the person is doing deep-breathing and coughing exercises they need to cough strongly ________ times with the mouth open. | Two
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| Incentive ______________ measures the amount of air inhaled. | Spirometry
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| Incentive spirometry is also called sustained maximal ________________. | Inspiration
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| With incentive spirometry a person is enouraged to inhale until reaching a pre-set volume of air and then holding the breath for at least _________ seconds. | Three
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| The goal of incentive spirometry is to improve lung _____________ and prevent or treat atelectasis. | Function
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| The breaths inhaled for incentive spirometry is like _____________ or sighing to move air deep into the lungs. | Yawning
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| Oxygen is a __________________. The doctor orders the amount of oxygen to give, the device to use, and when to give it. | Medication
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| Nursing assistants ______ __________ give oxygen. | Do not
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| The nurse and _____________ therapist start and maintain oxygen therapy. | Respiratory
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| Oxygen ____________ are used by person who walk or use wheelchairs. | Tanks
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| An oxygen ______________ removes oxygen from the air for the person to use. | Concentrator
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| Liquid oxygen is very cold. If touched, it can ______________ the skin. | Freeze
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| What type of oxygen device is inserted into the nostrils and allows for eating and drinking? | Nasal cannula
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| The ___________ rate is the amount of oxygen given. | Flow
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| The ____________ or respiratory therapist sets the flow rate based on the doctor's order. | Nurse
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| When giving care, always check the __________ __________ and tell the nurse if it is too high or too low. | Flow rate
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| If oxygen is not humidified (made moist) it can _________ the airway's mucous membranes. | Dry
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| Nursing assistants never ___________ the flow rate. | Adjust
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| When caring for a person receiving oxygen always make sure the humidifier is _____________ and that it has enough water. | Bubbling
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| Safety rules for oxygen therapy include checking for signs of _____________ from the device. | Irritation
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| When someone is receiving oxygen you must check for signs of irritation and skin breakdown behind the ____________, under the nose, around the face, and on the cheekbones. | Ears
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| Safety rules for oxygen therapy include making sure there are no kinks in the _____________. | Tubing
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| Safety rules for oxygen therapy include making sure the person does not ________ on any part of the tubing. | Lay
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| Artificial airways keep the airway ___________ (open and unblocked) | Patent
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| What is the term for inserting an artificial airway? | Intubation
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| What is a tube inserted through a surgically created opening into the trachea? | Tracheostomy
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| Who performs tracheostomies? | Doctors
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| Frequent _________ hygiene is needed for person with tracheostomies. | Oral
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| What is a tube inserted through the mouth or nose into the trachea? | Endotracheal
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| Person with endotracheal tubes cannot ______________. | Speak
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| Gagging and ____________ feelings are common in persons with endotracheal tubes. | Choking
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| The outer ______________ of a tracheostomy tube is secured in place with ties around the neck or a Velcro collar. | Cannula
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| The outer cannula must not come __________ (extubation), if it does you should call the nurse immediately. | Out
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| When persons have a tracheostomy nothing must _____________ the stoma. | Enter
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| When persons have a tracheostomy and a foreign object enters the stoma or tube the person can ________________. | Aspirate
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| When persons have a tracheostomy the stoma must be ______________ when the person goes outside. | Covered
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| Never cover the stoma with ________________, leather, or similar materials that are not breathable. | Plastic
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| When persons have a tracheostomy you should cover the stoma with a _____________, shirt or blouse that buttons at the collar, or a stoma cover. | Scarf
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| When persons have a tracheostomy ___________ baths should be taken. | Tub
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| When persons have a tracheostomy and they take a shower, a shower _____________ must be worn. | Guard
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| When persons have a tracheostomy you should use a hand-held __________ to direct the water away from the stoma. | Nozzle
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| When applying clean ties or Velcro collar on an adult, a ___________ should be able to slide under the ties or collar. | Finger
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| What is the process of withdrawing or sucking up fluid or secretions? | Suctioning
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| Some person cannot ______________ or they have a weak cough and cannot remove secretion so they need suctioning. | Cough
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| If not done ___________ suctioning can cause serious harm. | Correctly
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| You can _____________ the nurse with suctioning but you do not perform the suctioning procedure. | Assist
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| Mucus may contain microbes or ____________, so you need to follow Standard Precautions and the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard. | Blood
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| What is it called when you use a machine to move air into and out of the lungs? | Mechanical ventilation
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| With mechanical ________________ a endotracheal or tracheostomy tube is needed. | Ventilation
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| An alarm sounds when the person is _________________ from the ventilator. | Disconnected
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| If an alarm sounds and the person is disconnected from the ventilator first ______________ the tubing and then tell the nurse. | Reconnect
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| Safety measures to follow when assisting with suctioning include suctioning as _________________, not on a schedule. | Needed
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| A suction cycle for an adult lasts no more than 10 to _________ seconds. | 15
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| A suction cycle involves first inserting the ______________. | Catheter
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| A suction cycle involves ________________ for no more than 10-15 seconds. | Suctioning
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| A suction cycle involves ______________ the catheter after the suctioning. | Removing
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| Care of person on mechanical ventilation includes answering _________ _____________ promptly. | Call lights
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| Care of person on mechanical ventilation includes ____________ who you are and what you are doing whenever you enter the room. | Explain
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| Care of person on mechanical ventilation includes following the care plan for _______________. | Communication
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| Care of person on mechanical ventilation includes telling the person when you are _______________ the room and when you will return. | Leaving
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| What is air in the pleural space called? | Pneumothorax
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| What is blood in the pleural space called? | Hemothorax
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| What is the escape and collection of fluid in the pleural space called? | Pleural effusion
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| Chest tubes are attached to a ______________ system. | Drainage
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| Care of persons with chest tubes includes keeping the connecting tubing _____________ on the bed. | Coiled
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| Care of persons with chest tubes includes ____________ chest drainage and reporting any increases or changes of appearance at once. | Observing
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| Care of persons with chest tubes includes ______________ and positioning the person as directed. | Turning
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| Care of persons with chest tubes includes immediately calling for help if the chest tube comes ______________. | Out
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| If the chest tube comes out you should cover the site with sterile petrolatum ______________. | Gauze
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