Goodcare LPN C17 Digestive System
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| The large serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers the organs | Peritoneum
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| Fact: The digestive tract has a wall composed of a mucous membrane, a submucosa, smooth muscle (muscularis externa) and a serous membrane (serosa). | Fact card
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| Occurs in the esophagus | Peristalsis
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| Occurs in the small intestine | Segmentation
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| Proteins are digested in what organ | Stomach
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| 3 Division s of the small intestine | Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
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| Most digestion and absorption takes place in this area of the digestive tract | Small intestine
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| Area of the intestine that absorbs some water and forms and stores stool. | Large intestine
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| The salivary glands are the ____________, submandibular and sublingual | Parotid
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| Organ that secretes bile to emulsify fat. | Liver
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| Stores bile and contracts to release it into the duodenum | Gall bladder
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| Secretes sodium bicarbonate which neutralizes the acidic chyme from the stomach | Pancreas
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| Splitting of water as in digestion | Hydrolysis
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| Produces the most complete digestive secretions | Pancreas
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| Movement of digested nutrients into the circulation | absorption
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| 2 types of control over the digestive process | Nervous and hormonal control
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| Keeps stomach contents from passing upward into the esophagus | Lower esophageal sphincter
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| Fact: The enzyme pepsin might be affected if stomach aid (HCL) is reduced, because pepsin needs HCL for activation. | Fact Card
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| This enzyme can compensate for the loss of pepsin | Trypsin
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| The element affected by a Proton Pump inhibitor | Hydrogen
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| Accessory organs that secrete into the mouth | Salivary glands
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| The part of the peritoneum around the small intestine | Mesentery
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| Between the submucosa and the serous membrane in the digestive tract wall | Smooth muscle
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| The smooth muscle in the digestive tract wall is __________ and __________ | Circular and longitudinal
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| Moves food rapidly and is most useful in the esophagus | Peristalsis
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| Common name for the gingiva | gum
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| Additional muscle layer in the stomach that is not found in the rest of the digestive tract | The oblique muscle layer
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| Joins the cecum of the large intestine at the ileocecal valve | The ileum
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| Glands located directly below the tongue | Sublingual salivary glands
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| 2 monosacaccharide components of sucrose | Glucose and fructose
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| The layer that covers organs | Visceral peritoneum
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| The layer of the peritoneum in contact with the body wall | Parietal peritoneum
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| Accessory secretory organs needed for digestion but not a direct part of the digestive tract | Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas
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| Double layered portion of the peritoneum | Mesentery
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| Chewing of food | mastication
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| Movement of controlled amounts of food toward the throat to be swallowed | deglutition
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| Important in regulating how rapidly food moves into the small intestine | Pyloric sphincter
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| Folds of the stomach when empty | Rugae
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| Highly acidic semi-liquid mixtures of gastric juice and food that leaves the stomach to enter the small intestine | Chyme
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| Fact: the small intestine participates in all aspects of digestive function: secretion, motility, digestion and absorption | Fact card
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| The micro villi (villus) ion the cells that line the small intestine, increase surface are to aid in ________________ | Absorption
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| This enzyme and mucus are contained in saliva which initiate carbohydrate digestion | Salivary amylase
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| Largest accessory organ | Liver
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| 2 vessels that supply blood to the liver | The portal vein and hepatic artery
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| Fact: the hepatic artery carries blood high in oxygen whereas the venous portal system caries blood that is lower in oxygen and rich in digestive end products | Fact card
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| Glucose is stored in the liver in the form of _______________ | Glycogen
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| Organ important in the modification and storage of fats | Liver
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| True or False : The pancreas stores iron and vitamins | False, the liver
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| Organ important in the formation of blood plasma proteins, albumin, globulin and clotting factors. | Liver
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| A pigment and by product of blood cell destruction | Bilirubin
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| Eliminated in bile and gives stool it's dark color | Bilirubin
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| A waste product of protein metabolism which is synthesized in the liver | Urea
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| Released into blood stream and transported to the kidneys for elimination | Urea
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| It's production is the liver's main digestive function | bile
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| The salts contained in Bile act like a detergent to ____________ fat | emulsify
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| Fact: The common bile duct carries bile from the liver and gallbladder but the common hepatic duct carries bile from the liver | Fact card
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| Bile from the liver flows up through the cystic duct into the _______________ | Gallbladder
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| Fact: When chyme enters the duodenum, the gallbladder contracts and the hepatopancreatic sphincter opens. Bile flows out of the gallbladder and liver into the duodenum. | Fact card
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| Means by which digested nutrients reach the blood | Absorption
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| 2 types of control over digestion | Nervous and hormonal
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| "Gut brain" - receives stimuli and issues commands for digestion | Enteric nervous system
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| Fact: The digestive organs produce the hormones involved in regulating digestion | Fact card
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| Hormone which promotes stomach secretions and motility | Gastrin
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| Inhibits the release of gastric juice in the stomach | gastric inhibitory peptide
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| simulates the pancreas to release water and bicarb to dilute and neutralize chyme | Secretin
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| Stimulates the release of enzymes from the pancreas and causes the gallbladder to release bile | Cholecystokinin
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| Hormone released between meals on an empty stomach and stimulates hunger. | Ghrelin
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| Activation of the hypothalamic center located in the __________________stimulates hunger | hypothalamus
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