68WM6 Communication
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| Communication | Defined as the use of words and behaviors to construct, send, and interpret messages.
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| Communication can happen in two ways.... | Both verbal and nonverbal and conveys varied messages.
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| Six Aspects of Communication | 1.Sender 2.Message 3.Channel 4.Receiver 5.Feedback 6.Influences
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| Communication may be one-way or two-way, depending on | the roles of the persons in the interaction
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| This form of communication is is highly structured, with the sender being in control and expecting and getting very little response from the receiver. What is this called? | One-way communication
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| Two-way communication requires | both the sender and the receiver participate equally in the interaction.
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| What are some Factors that Influence Communication? | Culture, past experiences, emotions, mood, attitude, perceptions of the individual, and self-concept
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| Every culture has norms for appropriate communication. | Distance between communicators.Eye contact.Tone of voice.Amount of gestures used
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| What is the average distance between people in America while communicating? | In America, 18 inches to 4 feet is the average distance. This lessens when people converse with someone they know
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| Interpretation of the messages in influenced by | cultural values, level of education, familiarity with the topic, occupation, and type of previous life experiences
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| Aggressive Communication | is interacting with another in an overpowering and forceful manner to meet one's own needs at the expense of others.
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| Unassertive Communication | is interaction sacrifices the nurse's legitimate personal rights to meet the needs of the patient at the expense of feeling resentful.
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| Therapeutic Communication | Defined as communication that promotes understanding between the sender and the receiver.
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| Therapeutic Communication is also known as | Effective Communication
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| The most effective method of communication is | listening
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| What is the most difficult skill to acquire | listening?
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| Two types of listening are | Active and Passive
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| Active listening involves | Full attention to patient.Allows feedback.
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| Passive Listening | Attends nonverbally through eye contact and nodding.
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| Touch can convey | warmth, caring, comfort, support and understanding
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| Closed questioning encouraged what kind of response? | "Yes", "no" or short answer response or a specific answer to a specific question
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| Open-ended questioning | Doesn't seek specific answer.Patient can elaborate.Useful to assess feelings.Doesn't influence responses
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| Paraphrasing | Similar to restating, but the intent is different.Restatement of the pt’s message in the nurse’s own words to verify that the interpretation was correct.
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| How does reflecting impower a patient? | Empowers the pt to verbalize a solution Position of control.Promotes self-esteem.
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| Much of the communicating that the nurse does | is offer information:
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| Most therapeutic posture and position is for the nurse to | assume the same position and level as the patient.
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| Comfort zone | necessary distance between two or more individuals that must be maintained to guard against personal threat or intimidation.
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| Intimate zone | : 0 - 18 inches. Nursing interventions provided to the patient.Must be approached in a professional manner with gentleness and tact.
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| Personal zone | 18 inches to 4 feet.Less intimidating to patient.Sitting or talking to patient.
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| Social zone | 4 - 12 feet.Speaking to a small group
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| Public zone | 12 feet or more.Public speaking
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| Without trust, interaction will not progress past | superficial social interaction
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| Trust is built with | confidence and competence
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| Pain can create a barrier for | effective communication between the nurse and the patient.Should address prior to proceeding with any other interaction with the patient.
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| Altered Cognition | Patient lacks the ability to receive, process, and send information, communication will not occur.
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| False Reassurance | May promise something that won't happen or is unrealistic.
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| Cliché | Stereotyped or superficial comments that don't focus on what patient is feeling or saying.
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| Defensiveness | Negative response to criticism Implies that patient doesn't have right to opinion
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| Changing the subject | Inappropriately focusing on something other than patient's concern.
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| Aphasia | is a deficient or absent language function resulting from ischemic insult to the brain, such as stroke, brain trauma, or anoxia.
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| Expressive aphasia | patient cannot send the desired message.
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| Receptive aphasia | patient cannot recognize or interpret the message being received.
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| Dysphasia | impairment of speech
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| Dysarthria | dysfunction of the muscles used for speech. Speech difficult, slow and hard to understand.
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| Empathy | Understand patient's feelings.Includes warmth, nonjudgmental attitude and focus on patient's feelings.
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| One of the most boring lectures you will ever sit through EVER!!!!!!! | F*** my LIFE!!!!
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