Oral/Maxillofacial Surgery Patient
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| Comminution | act of breaking or condition of being broken into small fragments
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| Ecchymosis | a hemorrhagic spot, larger than a petechia, in the skin or mucous membrane caused by extravasation of blood; forms a nonelevated ,rounded, or irregular purplish patch.
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| Exodontics | branch of dentistry dealing with the surgical removal of teeth
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| exostosis | benign new growth projecting from the surface of bone.
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| intermaxillary fixation | fixation of the maxilla in occlusion with the mandible held in place by means of wires and elastic bands; the healing parts are stabilized following fracture or surgery.
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| maxillofacial | pertaining to the jaws and the face
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| maxillofacial prosthetics | the branch of prosthodontics concerned with the restoration of the mouth and jaws and associated facial structures that have been affected by disease, injury, surgery or a congenital defect.
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| orthognathic surgery | surgery to alter relationships of the dental arches and/or supporting bone, usually coordinated with orthodontic therapy.
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| orthognathics | science dealing with the causes and treatment of malposition of the bones of the jaw
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| osteosynthesis | internal fixation of a fracture by mechanical means, such as metal plates, pins, or screws.
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| miniplate osteosynthesis | a method of internal fixation of mandibular fractures utilizing miniaturized metal plates and screws formerly made of titanium or stainless steel and currently made primarily of biodegradable or resorbable synthetic materials.
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| Trismus | motor disturbance of the trigeminal nerve with spasm of masticatory muscles and difficulty in opening the mouth (aka lockjaw)
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| Name the 3 areas of focus for Oral & Maxillofacial need for Dentoalveolar surgery. | -Exodontics, impacted tooth removal, alveolar bone surgery (alveoloplasty)
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| Name the 2 areas of focus for the Oral & Maxillofacial treatment of Infection. | abcess & osteomyelitis
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| Name the 2 reasons that a patient would need to undergo Oral & Maxillofacial traumatic Injury treatment. | Fracture of jaws/zygoma or teeth/alveolar bone
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| Name the 2 reasons that a patient would need Oral and Maxillofacial treatment of neoplasm. | Patient has a Cyst or Tumor.
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| What would be created in preprosthetic reconstruction? | Maxillofacial prosthetics & Immediate dentures
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| Orthognathic surgery focuses on what? | Prognathism correction and facial aesthetics
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| T/F One category of Oral Maxillofacial treatment is Cleft Lip/Palate | True
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| T/F One category of Oral Maxillofacial treatment is TMD | True
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| T/F One category of oral maxillofacial treatment is Salivary Gland Obstruction. | True
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| T/F One category of oral maxillofacial treatment is Dental Implant Placement. | True
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| Essential for promoting healing | protiene and vitamins such as vitamin A, Vitamin C, and riboflavin
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| Essential for building gingival tissue resistance | a varied diet that includes adequate portions of all essential food groups
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| essential for dental carries prevention | noncariogenic foods b/c pt can not masticate
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| post surgical complication examples | uncontrollable pain
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| Ice pack regimen (following flap procedure or when swelling is likely to occur) | 15 min on 15 min off
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| is heat used for swelling | no
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| Simple fracture | has no communication w/ outside
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| compound fracture | has communication w/ outside
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| comminuted fracture | shattered
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| incomplete fracture | "greenstick" fracture has one side of a bone broken and the other side bent. Occurs in completely calcified bone (generally children)
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| Greenstick | incomplete fracture
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| Locations of fractures | alveolar process,condyle, angle, body, symphysis
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| How long for healing of an uncomplicated MD fracture | six weeks
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| How long for healing of an uncomplicated MX fracture | four to six weeks
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| Open reduction (md fractures) | use of surgical flap procedure to expose the fracture ends and bring them together for healing
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| closed reduction (md fractures) | manipulation of the parts w/ out surgery
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| Intermaxillary fixation | applying wires or elastic bands between mx and md arches
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| external skeletal fixation (external pin fixation) | indications: insufficient number of teeth in good condition for intermaxillary fixations.
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| indication for liquid diet | all pts w/ jaws wired together or pts who can not open mouth
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| soft diet indications | pts w/ no appliace or a single jaw appliance w/ out complications in opening/ closing mouth
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| indications for irrigation | during first few days after surgical procedure or as an adjunt to brushing
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| Dental hygiene appointments are used to prepare the pt for surgery. They can | reduce oral bacterial count, reduce inflamation, remove calculus, etc.
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| Le fort I (mx fracture location) | horizontal fracture line that extends above the roots of teeth, above the palate, across the mx sinus, below the zygomatic process and across the pterygoid plates.
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| le fort II (mx fracture location) | midface fracture extends over the middle of the nose, down the medial wall of the orbits, across the infraorbital rims, and posteriorly, across the pterygoid plates.
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| Le fort III (mx fracture location) | the high level craniofacial fractures extends transversely across the bridge of the nose, across the orbits and the zygomatic arches, and across the pterygoid plates.
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| Basic treatment of fractures would be: (name 3) | Reduction- open or close of the fracture, fixation, immobilization
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| Major cause for complication in treatment of fractures | infection
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