med knowledge 2
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| hydrochlorothiazide/ Microzide | thiazide-effects: increase Ca2+, cholesterol, uric acid (hyperuricemia); decrease K+, Na+, mag, phosphate, hypovolemia; SJS , *hypokalemia*; glaucoma, myopia; hyperglycemia, typical diuretic --lethargy, weak, drowsiness, dizziness, hypotension, cramping;
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| Microzide action: | inhibits Na+ reabsorption in distal tubule (excrete Na+ & water). excretion of chloride, K+, magnesium, bicarbonate
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| hydrochlorothiazide | Microzide, Oretic
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| hydrochlorothiazide indications: | HTN, edema associated w/ HF, renal dysfunction, cirrhosis, glucocorticoids, estrogen therapy
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| hydrochlorothiazide/Microzide (Oretic) contraindications: | hypersensitivity (cross sensitivity w/ thiazides or sulfonamides); some products contain tartrazine; Anuria; lactation
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| furosemide | Lasix
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| furosemide/Lasix | diuretic (loop)
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| furosemide/Lasix indications: | edema due to HF, hepatic, or renal disease; HTN
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| furosemide action: | increase renal excretion of water, Na, Cl, magnesium, K+, Ca2+; effective in impaired renal fx; inhibits reabsorption of Na & Cl from loop of Henele & distal tubule
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| Lasix therapeutic effect: | diuresis; decrease BP
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| furosemide/Lasix; diuretic contraindications: | sensitivity to thiazides & sulfonamides may occur; hepatic coma or anuria; some products contain alcohol
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| furosemide/Lasix: diuretic adverse reactions: | *dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomgnesemia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia, met alkalosis*; APLASTIC ANEMIA, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, SJS, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, ERTHYEMA MULTIFORME; fever, blurred vision, hearing loss, tinnitus,
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| bumetanide/Bumex | loop diuretic
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| bumetanide side effects | SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis; dehydration, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia, metabolic acidosis
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| mannitol | Osmitrol
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| mannitol/Osmitrol side effects | CV: transient volume expansion mannitol draws fluid from extravascular space into vascular. causes transient volume expansion & may cause pulmonary edema if renal is compromised. If renal status good, extra fluid is excreted
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| mannitol/Osmitrol therapeutic effect | mobilizes excess fluid in oliguria renal failure or edema. ↓ intraocular or intracranial pressures. ↑ urinary excretion of toxic materials. ↓ hemolysis when used as irrigant after transuretheral prostatic resection
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| spironolactone | Aldactone
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| mannitol/Osmitrol | diuretic (osmotic)
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| spironolactone/ Aldactone | diuretic- K+ sparing
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| spironolactone/ Aldactone side effects | SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis; hyperkalemia; breast tenderness, gynecomastia, irregular menses, deepening of voice
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| oxybutnynin | Ditropan
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| oxybutynin/Detrol | urinary tract antispasmodic (anticholinergic)
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| oxybutynin side effects | urinary retention; anaphylaxis, angioedema; chest pain, tachycardia; cant see, cant pee, cant spit, cant shit; teach: ↓ ability to perspire; notify if urinary retention, persistant constipation, or plans for pregnancy; t
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| tolterodine | Detrol
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| tolterodine/ Detrol | urinary tract antispasmodic (anticholinergic)
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| tolterodine side effects | headache, dizziness, dry mouth, SJS; anaphylaxis, angioedema, blurred vision, dyspepsia
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| bethnechol | Urecholine
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| bethanechol/Urecholine | urinary tract stimulant (cholinergic
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| bethanechol/Urecholine indications | neurogenic bladder retention; nonobstructive bladder retention
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| bethanechol/Urecholine side effects | heart block, syncope/cardiac arrest, bradycardia, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, salivation, vomiting. GU: urgency; MISC: flushing, sweating, hypothermia
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| phenazopyridine | Pyridium
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| phenazopyridine/ Pyridium | nonopioid analgesic
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| phenazopyridine side effects | hepatotoxicity; bright-orange urine; renal failure; rash, hemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia
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| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | Bactrim
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| timethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | anti infective; anti protozoal
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| bactrim indications: | bronchitis, Shigella, ottitis media, pneumocystiis jirovecii pneumonia, UTI, traveler's diarrhea
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| trimethopriim-sulfamethoxazole side effects | C. difficile, hepatic necrosis, nausea, vomiting, erythema multiforme, SJS/ TEN, rash, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, phlebitis at IV site; kericterus in neonate; cholesttic jaundice, pancreatitis
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| epoetin | Epogen (Procrit)
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| epoetin/ Epogen (Procrit) | antianemics; hormone
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| epoetin indications | anemia r/t CKD; anemia secondary to AZT therapy (HIV)
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| epoetin/ Epogen side effects | seizures, h/a, HF, MI, stroke, thromboembolic events (esp if Hgb >11); restored fertility & menses; ↑mortality & ↑ tumor growth (in cancer)
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| postassium chloride | K-Dur
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| potassium chloride/K-Dur indications | prevent or treat K+ deficiency
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| potassium chloride side effects | confusion, restlessness, weakness, arrhythmias, ECG changes, abd probs—diarrhea etc; paralysis, paresthesia
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