DNA, Protein Synthesis, and Mutations
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Anticodon | A specialized base triplet on one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular complementary codon on an mRNA molecule
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| Cancer | a disease characterized by abnormal cell growth
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| Codon | A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or termination signal
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| Complementary base pairing | cytosine, uracil, adenine, guanine, and thymine
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| Deletion and addition (frameshift) mutations | A mutational loss or gain of a nucleotide from a gene.
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| DNA | a nucleic acid which stores the genetic information controlling our heredity and characteristics
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| Fertilization | Sexual reproduction. The combination of the egg and sperm.
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| Gene | A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA
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| Hydrogen bonds | A type of weak chemical bond formed between nitrogen bases
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| mRNA | A type of RNA synthesized from DNA in the genetic material that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein
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| nitrogenous base | An organic base that contains the element nitrogen found in DNA/RNA
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| nucleotide | The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five carbod sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogen base
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| peptide bonds | joins amino acids together to form a protein
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| RNA | A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U).
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| Mutations | an altered sequence of DNA
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| Transcription | The synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template
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| Translation | The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of "language" from nucleotides to amino acids.
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| tRNA | picks up specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA.
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Created by:
nbctbio
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