review for final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | 10%
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| show | Individual wearing the device
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| Personnel dosimeters protect the wearer from exposure to ionizing radiation T or F | show 🗑
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| A personnel dosimeter must be able to detect and record both small and large exposures in a consistent and reliable manner. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| The metal filters contained in a film badge are generally composed of what materials? | show 🗑
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| show | OSL
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| show | increased
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| Which personnel dosimeters resembles an ordinary fountain pen externally? | show 🗑
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| show | Ionization chamber–type survey meter
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| Disadvantages of using pocket ionization chambers include mechanical shock, no legal record, must be read everyday or there will be a false high. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | An audio amplifier and speaker
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| show | False
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| show | True
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| What is the maximum period of time that a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) may be worn as a personnel dosimeter? | show 🗑
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| show | These devices are all used for personnel monitoring
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| What instrument generally has a “check source” of a weak, long-lived radioisotope located on one side of its external surface to verify its constancy daily? | show 🗑
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| show | Some of the electrons in the crystalline lattice structure of the LiF molecule absorb energy are excited to a higher energy level or band
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| show | True
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| show | True
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| show | Amperage
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| The pocket ionization chamber is used to provide immediate exposure readout for a radiation worker working in a cardiac catheterization laboratory. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| Whenever the letter M appears under the current monitoring period of a personnel monitoring report, it signifies that an equivalent dose below the minimum measurable radiation quantity was recorded during that time. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | Laser light at selected frequencies
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| show | True
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| show | Estimation of the energy of the radiation reaching the badge
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| What dosimeters allows a radiation worker to determine occupational exposure received as soon as a specific radiologic procedure is completed? | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| The TLD readout process destroys the information stored in the TLD. T or F | show 🗑
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| Monitoring companies send a control badge to health care facilities along with each batch of dosimeter badges. The control badge should be kept where? | show 🗑
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| When negatively and positively charged electrodes in the pocket ionization chamber are exposed to ionizing radiation, the mechanism does what happens? | show 🗑
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| show | False
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| show | Shaped contact shield containing 1 mm of lead
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| Specific-area shielding may be selectively used during some x-ray procedures to protect which of the following? 1. Lens of the eye 2. Breast 3. Extremities | show 🗑
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| show | Adequate and precise collimation of the radiographic beam to include only the anatomy of interest
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| In a remote-control fluoroscopic room where the x-ray tube is located above the patient, protective shielding should be placed where? | show 🗑
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| show | 3x's more
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| What combination of technical exposure factors and filtration reduces patient radiation dose during a radiographic examination? | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| show | True
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| When technical exposure factors are to be selected, mass per unit volume of tissue of the area ofl interest, effective atomic numbers and electron densities of the tissue involved, and type and quantity of filtration used should be considered. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | 0.2; 20
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| In fluoroscopy, the amount of radiation that a patient receives is usually estimated by measuring the radiation exposure rate at the tabletop and multiplying this by the: | show 🗑
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| The patient’s skin and possibly the gonads receive a double radiation dose anytime a repeat image is performed. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| According to American College of Radiology abdominal radiologic exams that have been requested after full consideration of the clinical status of a patient, including the possibility of pregnancy, need not be postponed or selectively scheduled. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | physicist
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| show | 20
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| Because most medical procedures result in fetal exposures less than 1 rad, the risk of abnormality is small. T or F | show 🗑
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| Pediatric patients require special consideration and appropriate radiation protection procedures because they are more vulnerable to both the late somatic effects and genetic effects of radiation. T or F | show 🗑
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| If a child is placed in a CT scanner and adult protocols are used, the child will receive a dose that is _______ than an adult | show 🗑
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| The radiation dose absorbed by an organ such as bone marrow cannot be measured by a direct method; it can only be estimated..T or F | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| show | about the same
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| The product of x-ray electron tube current and the amount of time in seconds during which the x-ray beam is activated results in mAs. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| Mobile C-arm fluoroscopy, interventional procedures that use high-level-control fluoroscopy, and mobile radiographic examinations increase the radiographer’s risk of exposure to ionizing radiation. T or F | show 🗑
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| Diagnostic imaging personnel receive the highest occupational exposure during which of the following procedures? 1. Fluoroscopy 2. Mobile radiography 3. Special procedures | show 🗑
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| show | 1 and 3
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| show | 1,2, and 3
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| show | increases significantly
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| show | True
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| show | 50 mSv (5 rem)
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| show | workload
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| show | True
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| The beam direction factor is also known as the use factor. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | 2 only
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| show | 0.5 mSv (0.05 rem)
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| show | 3 only
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| Which of the following methods and devices reduce(s) the radiographer’s exposure during a fluoroscopic examination? 1. Adequate x-ray beam collimation 2. Control of technical exposure factors 3. Use of a remote control fluoroscopic system | show 🗑
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| During C-arm fluoroscopy, the exposure rate caused by scatter near the entrance surface of the patient (x-ray tube side) _____________ the exposure rate caused by scatter near the exit surface of the patient (image intensifier side). | show 🗑
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| show | 1/16-inch lead, 7 feet
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| show | 20 microsieverts (2 mrem)
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| Distance is the most effective means of protection from ionizing radiation. Imaging personnel receive significantly less exposure by standing farther away from a source of radiation because there is a significant decrease in the radiation level. T or F | show 🗑
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| If the intensity of the x-ray is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source, how does the intensity of the x-ray beam change when the distance from the source of radiation and a measurement point is quadrupled? | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| show | True
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| show | True
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| Increased kVp and decreased mAs in compensation increases the average energy of the beam. Therefore less side-scattered radiation is available to strike imaging personnel, and their EqD is reduced. T or F | show 🗑
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| During any diagnostic x-ray examination, the patient becomes a source of scattered radiation as a consequence of the Compton interaction process. Scattered radiation poses the greatest occupational hazard in diagnostic radiology. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | Secondary
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| show | gonadal
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| show | False
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| Maternity protective aprons consist of 5 mm lead equivalent over their entire length and width and also have an extra 1-mm lead-equivalent panel that runs transversely across the width of the apron to provide added safety for the embryo/fetus. T or F | show 🗑
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| Diagnostic x-rays should scatter a minimum of two times before reaching any area behind the control booth barrier. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | 0.25-mm thickness of lead
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| Protective eyeglasses with optically clear lenses should contain a minimal lead equivalent protection of _____ mm. | show 🗑
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| A radiographer should always wear a thyroid shield during fluoroscopy and special procedures. T or F | show 🗑
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| A spot film device protective curtain or sliding panel of a minimum thickness of 0.25 mm lead equivalent should normally be positioned between the fluoroscopist and the patient to intercept what types of radiation? | show 🗑
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| When the time spent in a higher-radiation area is reduced or limited, occupational exposure is what? | show 🗑
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| show | comparable to that of routine
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| During fluoroscopy, which of the following will provide radiation protection for the radiographer and the radiologist? 1. Adequate collimation 2. Use of high-speed image receptor systems 3. Use of a cumulative timing device | show 🗑
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| Radiographers and nonoccupationally exposed individuals should never stand in the useful beam to restrain a patient during a radiographic procedure. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | 1/1000
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| show | Beam direction factor
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| What is the term for the proportional amount of time during which the x-ray beam is energized or directed toward a particular barrier? | show 🗑
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| show | 1000; 100
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| Most facilities’ x-ray room doors have attenuation for diagnostic energy x-ray equivalent to that provided by a 1/32 inch of lead. T or F | show 🗑
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| show | Workload
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