Vocab Review for Units 1-9
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| weathering | the breaking down of rocks on Earth's surface into smaller pieces
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| erosion | the process of moving sediment from one place to another
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| deposition | the dropping or settling of eroded materials
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| sedimentary rock | a type of rock that forms when layers of sediment are pressed together
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| fossil | the remains or traces of a plant or animal that lived long ago
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| mold | an impression of an organism, formed when sediment hardens around the organism
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| cast | a model of an organism, formed when sediment fills a mold and hardens
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| fossil fuel | fuel, such as coal, oil, natural gas, formed from the remains of once-living things
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| index fossil | a fossil of a type of organism that lived in many places during a relatively short time span
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| mass extinction | a period in which a large number of species become extinct
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| natural resource | anything from nature that people can use
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| renewable resource | a resource that can be replaced within a reasonable amount of time
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| nonrenewable resource | a resource that, once used, cannot be replaced in a reasonable amount of time
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| geothermal energy | a type of energy produced naturally beneath Earth's surface
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| hydroelectric energy | energy produced by using the mechanical energy of falling water
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| biofuel | a fuel produced by biological materials, such as wood
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| pollution | any waste product or contamination that harms or dirties an ecosystem and harms organisms
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| conservation | the process of preserving and protecting an ecosystem or a resource
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| energy | the ability to cause changes in matter
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| potential energy | energy that an object has because of its position or its condition
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| kinetic energy | the energy an object has because of motion
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| electrical energy | energy that comes from electric current
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| mechanical energy | the total potential and kinetic energy of an object
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| chemical energy | energy that can be released by a chemical reaction
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| thermal energy | the total amount of kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
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| temperature | the measure of the average energy of motion of particles of matter, which we feel as how hot or cold something is
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| heat | the energy that moves between objects of different temperatures
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| static electricity | the buildup of electric charges on an object
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| electric current | the flow of electric charges along a path
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| conductor | a material that lets heat or electricity travel through it easily
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| insulator | a material that does not let heat or electricity move through it easily
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| circuit | a path along which electric charges can flow
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| series circuit | an electric circuit in which the electrical charges have only one path to follow
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| parallel circuit | an electric circuit that has more than one path for the electric charges to follow
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| balance | a tool used to measure the amount of matter in an object, which is the object’s mass
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| control | the experimental setup to which you will compare all other setups
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| evidence | information collected during a scientific investigation
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| experiment | an investigation in which all the conditions are controlled to test a hypothesis
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| investigation | a procedure carried out to carefully observe, study, or test something in order to learn more about it
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| microscopic | too small to be seen without using a microscope
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| opinion | a personal belief or judgment based on what a person thinks or feels, but not necessarily based on evidence
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| Science | the study of the natural world through observation and investigation
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| scientific method | the different ways that scientists perform investigations and collect reliable data
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| spring scale | a tool used to measure force
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| variable | any condition that can be changed in an experiment
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| accurate | in measurements, very close to the actual size or value
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| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space
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| volume | the amount of space something takes up
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| solid | the state of matter in which a substance has a definite volume and a definite shape
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| liquid | the state of matter in which a substance has a definite volume but no definite shape
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| gas | the state of matter in which a substance does not have a definite shape or definite volume
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| relative density | it determines whether one substance will sink or float in another substance
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| solubility | the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance
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| mixture | a combination of two or more different substances in which the substances keep their identities
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| solution | a mixture that has the same combination throughout because all its parts are mixed evenly
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| force | a push or pull, which may cause a change in an object's motion
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| gravity | the force of attraction between objects; such as the attraction between Earth and objects on it
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| friction | a force that acts between two touching objects and that opposes motion
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| balanced forces | forces that cancel each other out, because they are equal in size and opposite in direction
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| unbalanced forces | forces that cause a change in an object's motion because they don't cancel each other out
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| wave | a disturbance that carries energy, such as sound or light, through matter or space
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| volume | the loudness of a sound
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| pitch | the highness or lowness of a sound
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| light | a form of energy that can travel through space and lies partly within the visible range
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| electromagnetic spectrum | all energy waves that travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, including radio, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays
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| opaque | not allowing light to pass through
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| transparent | allows light to pass through
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| translucent | allows only some light to pass through
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| frequency | a measure of the number of waves that pass a point in a second
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| reflection | the bouncing of light waves when they encounter an obstacle
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| refraction | the bending of light waves as they pass from one material to another
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| prism | a transparent object that bends and separates white light into the colors of the rainbow
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| engineering | using knowledge of science and mathematics to find solutions to everyday problems
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| technology | any device that people use to meet their needs and solve practical problems
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| prototype | a working model
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| criteria | standards that help engineers measure how well their design is doing its job
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| bioengineering | applying the engineering design process to living things
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| biotechnology | a product used to benefit organisms or their environment
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| atmosphere | the mixture of the gases that surround the Earth
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| evaporation | the process by which liquid changes into a gas
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| condensation | the process by which gas changes into a liquid
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| precipitation | water that falls from the clouds to the Earth's surface
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| water cycle | the process in which water continuously moves from Earth's surface into the atmosphere and back again
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| runoff | water that does not soak into the ground and instead flows across Earth's surface
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| climate | the pattern of weather an area experiences over a long period of time
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| weather | the condition of the atmosphere at a certain place and time
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| climate zone | an area that has similar average temperatures and precipitation throughout
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| equator | an imaginary line around the Earth, equally distant from the North and South Poles
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| latitude | the measure of how far north or south a place is from the equator
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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