Biology SLO Test
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Unicellular | one cell
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| Multicellular | more than one cell
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| Eukaryotic | cells with a nucleus
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| Prokaryotic | cells without a nucleus
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| Mitosis | reproduction for eukaryotic cells where nucleus dissolves and reforms and chromosomes are copied
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| Sexual reproduction | reproduction where chromosomes are new mix of both parents
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| Daughter cells | the two new cells that are created during reproduction
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| How do plants reproduce? | both sexually and asexually
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| How have plants adapted to reproduce better and what is the benefit of each? | sexually insures new chromosomes while asexually is an exact copy.
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| What are typical body plans for plants? | radial
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| How do animals typically reproduce? | sexually
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| Anterior | front side
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| distal | away from body
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| posterior | backside
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| caudal | tail
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| dorsal | top
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| proximal | towards body
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| cranial | head
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| lateral | side
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| ventral | underneath
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| Radial | body parts organized around a central point
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| Bilateral | mirror halves
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| Asymmetry | no body plan
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| Organization of Life | cells->tissue->organs->organ systems->organisms
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| Cells | basic unit of life.
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| Tissue | group of similar cells working together
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| Organs | group of different tissues working together to perform a specific job
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| organ system | Many organs working together to perform a specific job
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| organism | A living thing that carries out its own life activities
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| What is the function of a nucleus? | Controls the function of a cell.
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| What is the function of the nucleolus? | Produces Ribosome.
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| What is the function of a chromosome? | Controls growth and reproduction.
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| What is the function of a ribosome? | Produces proteins.
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| What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? | Transports proteins throughout the cell.
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| What is the function of the golgi complex? | Packages proteins.
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| What is the function of the cytoplasm? | Jelly-like fluid that supports the organelles within a cell.
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| What is the function of a the cell membrane? | Controls movement into and out of the cell.
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| What is the function of a lysosome? | Removes waste from the cell.
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| What is the function of a vacuole? | Stores water, waste and other raw materials.
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| What is the function of the mitochondria? | Provides energy to the cell.
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| What is the function of a chloroplast? | The location of photosynthesis in a plant cell.
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| What is the function of a cell wall? | Provides support and protection to plant cells.
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| What is the primary shape of a plant cell and how does this compare to an animal cell? | Plants are rectangular while animals are circular.
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| What process can plant cells do that animal cells cannot? | Plants can perform photosynthesis while animals cannot.
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| Which organelle do plants have only a large one vs. animals have many small ones? | Vacuole
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| What provides plants support and protection but is missing in animal cells? | a cell wall
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| What is a eukaryotic cell? | a cell with a nucleus such as plant and animal cells.
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| What is a prokaryotic cell? | cells without nucleus such as bacteria.
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| What does the cell theory say about where cells come from? | Cells come from other cells.
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| What does the cell theory say is the basic unit of life? | the cell
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| What is the smallest number of cells needed for an organism to be alive? | one
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| Over many generations polar bears grow bigger feet to allow it to easily walk on ice, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can adapt.
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| When a bee gets angry when it's hive is disturbed, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can respond
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| When a female dog has puppies, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can reproduce.
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| When a human starts as a baby but becomes an adult, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can grow and develop.
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| Schleiden and Schwann proved that plants and animals are made of these. | This is what type of living characteristic? Living things are made of cells.
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| When wolves attack cattle (cows) for food, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can obtain and use energy.
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| Prokaryotic cells | do not have a nucleus
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| Eukaryotic cells | have a nucleus
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| what does multi-cellular mean? | More than 1 cell
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| What is osmosis? | the diffusion of water
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| What is diffusion? | The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration.
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| What does semi-permeable mean? | Only certain things can get in or out.
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| Which organelle is semi-permeable? | the cell membrane.
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| List the 6 stages of mitosis. | Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
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| The "resting" phase of mitosis | Interphase
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| Nucleus breaks apart; chromosomes look like a bowl of spaghetti | Prophase
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| Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. | Metaphase
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| Chromosomes move to each side of the cell. Copied ones on a side and original on the other side. | Anaphase
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| Nucleus begins to reform around each set of chromosomes. | Telophase
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| Cell pinches off creating two new daughter cells. | Cytokinesis
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| sexual reproduction | two parent reproduction resulting in different offspring.
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| asexual reproduction | single parent reproduction resulting in identical offspring.
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| sexual reproduction advantage | offspring are different
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| sexual reproduction disadvantage | slow process taking months to create offspring
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| asexual reproduction advantage | fast process taking minutes to hours to create offspring
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| asexual reproduction disadvantage | offspring are identical
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