biology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is the energy in food measured in? | small "c" calories
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| How many calories are in a Calorie? | 1,000
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| How many calories does it take to raise 1 gram of water, 1 degree Celsius? | 1 calorie
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| What do most Calories in our food come from? | Fat and Carbohydrates
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| What is another name for Carbohydrates? | Sugars
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| Describe a Monosaccharide | 1 carbohydrate. (single-unit sugar)
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| Describe a Disaccharide | 2 monosaccharides (carbohydrates) linked together by dehydration reaction
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| Describe a Polysaccharide | More than 3 carbohydrates (polymers of monosaccharides) linked together by dehydration reaction
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| What does Monomer mean? | one part
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| What does Polymer mean? | many parts
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| What are 2 examples of monosaccharides? | glucose and fructose
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| what are 2 examples of disaccharides? | lactose and sucrose
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| what are 4 examples of polysaccharides? | starch, glycogen, chitin and cellulose
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| What are the main fuel for cellular work? | Monosaccharides
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| What is the process of making ATP? | cellular respiration
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| What is the organelle that makes ATP through cellular respiration? | the Mitochondria
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| What is the equation for cellular respiration? | C6H12O6 + O2 --> H2O + CO2 + ATP = Cellular Respiration
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| What are the two main types of energy? | Potential energy and Kinetic energy
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| What is Kinetic energy? | The energy of motion. ex: Heat
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| What is potential energy? | Stored energy. ex: chemical reactions
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| What does ATP stand for? | Adenosine Triphosphate
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| What is the purpose of ATP? | to do cellular work
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| What is a Macromolecule? | "gigantic" molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids)
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| Describe Dehydration Reaction | The loss of H2O when two molecules join
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| What do cells do to link monomers together to make polymers? | Dehydration Reaction
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| What does hydrolysis mean? | "to break with water" Cells break bonds between monomers by adding water to them. (this is to break down polymers (think of digestion)) It is the opposite of dehydration reaction
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| What is a hydroxyl? | 1 Oxygen atom and 1 Hydrogen atom
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| What is an Enzyme? | a specialized macromolecule that speeds up chemical reactions of cells
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| What is a carbohydrate made of? | Only CHO, the ratio of H:O is 2:1
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| What does Phosphorylation mean? | The addition of a Phosphate
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| What is OIL RIG? | Oxidation Is Losing (electrons) Reduction Is Gaining (electrons)
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| what is the general formula for all carbohydrates? | any multiple of CH2O
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| math for calories | grams X degrees = calories
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| What is specific heat? | the heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by a given amount (usually 1 degree)
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| functions of monosaccharides | main fuel molecules for cellular work
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| functions of disaccharides | sugars that we consume for QUICK ENERGY (breaks down into monosaccharides by hydrolysis)
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| functions of polysaccharides | storage molecules and structural compounds
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