DNA, Protein Synthesis, & DNA Technology - most important terms
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material
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| nucleotide | monomer of DNA or RNA; consists of a nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
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| DNA replication | production of an identical copy of the DNA before a cell divides
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| protein synthesis | production of proteins by transcription and translation
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| transcription | happens in the nucleus; an mRNA copy is made from part of DNA called a gene
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| translation | happens at the ribosomes; tRNA carrying the correct amino acid matches with the codon on the mRNA strand; amino acids bond in a chain
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| mutation | a change in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
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| gel electrophoresis | method of separating fragments of DNA by size, using an electric current
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| DNA fingerprinting | using gel electrophoresis to make patterns of DNA bands
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| transgenic organism | a genetically engineered organism with DNA from another species
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| gene therapy | inserting the correct gene into patients with genetic disorders
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Created by:
jdriscoll
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