Cell Growth and Division
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| cell cycle | regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division in eukaryotic cells
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| mitosis | division of the cell nucleus and its contents
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| cytokinesis | process that divides the cell cytoplasm- results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the original cell
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| chromosome | one long continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes along with regulatory information
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| histone | a group of proteins with which each chromosome is associated
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| chromatin | the complex protein and DNA that makes up the chromosome
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| chromatid | one half of a duplicated chromosome
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| centromere | a region of the condensed chromosome that looks pinched- holds sister chromatids together
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| telomere | formed by the end of a DNA molecule; made of repeating nucleotides that do not form genes
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| prophase | chromatin condenses into tightly coiled chromosomes; nuclear envelope breaks down; centrosomes/ centrioles migrate; spindle fibers grow
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| metaphase | spindle fibers attach to a protein structure on the centromere of each chromosome and align the chromosomes along the middle of the cell
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| anaphase | sister chromatids separate from each other; spindle fibers begin to shorten, pulling the sister chromatids away
from each other and toward opposite sides of the cell.
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| telophase | complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell. The nuclear membranes start to form, the chromosomes begin to uncoil, and the spindle fibers fall apart.
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| growth factor | broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division; bind to receptors to activate specific genes to trigger cell growth
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| apoptosis | programmed cell death
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| cancer | uncontrolled cell division
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| benign | a tumor where cells typically remain clustered together
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| malignant | a tumor where come cells break away
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| metastasize | cells breaking away from a tumor
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| carcinogen | substance known to produce or promote the development of cancer
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| asexual reproduction | production of offspring from a single parent and does not involve the joining of gametes
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| binary fission | asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism by which the cell divides into two cells of the same sixe
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| tissue | groups of cells that work together to perform a similar function
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| organ | groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific or related function
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| organ system | organs that carry out similar functions
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| cell differentiation | process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure or functions during multicellular development
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| stem cell | unique type of body cell that can 1) divide to renew itself for long periods of time 2) remain undifferentiated in form 3) differentiate into a variety of specialized cell types
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Created by:
kaseywallace
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