study for next week test
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show | nrc
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show | all
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show | Oversee the nuclear energy industry
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The ICRP functions as an enforcement agency for radiation protection purposes. True or False | show 🗑
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show | false
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The as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) concept presents an extremely conservative model with respect to the relationship between Ionizing radiation and potential risk True or False | show 🗑
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Which are responsibilities of a health care facility’s radiation safety committee? Assist in the development of radiation safety program Provide guidance for the radiation safety program Facilitate the ongoing operation of the radiation safety program | show 🗑
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show | Designated radiation safety officer of a health care facility
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show | all
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To define ALARA, health care facilities usually adopt investigation levels, defined as Level I and Level II. In the United States, these levels are traditionally _______ to ______ the applicable regulatory standards | show 🗑
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What means “random in nature”? | show 🗑
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In general, nonstochastic effects occur only after large doses of radiation are received True or False | show 🗑
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show | greater
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What is Mutagenesis? | show 🗑
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show | Deterministic effects
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show | 460 mSv
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essential concept underlying radiation protection is that any organ in the human body is vulnerable to damage from exposure to ionizing radiation True or False | show 🗑
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show | 1 and 2
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Medical imaging personnel almost always receive equivalent doses that are close to the annual effective dose limit. True or False | show 🗑
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Occasional exposure for the purpose of education and training of students under the age of 18 is permitted, provided that special care is taken to ensure that the annual effective dose limit of _____ mSv (_____ rem) is not exceeded | show 🗑
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show | filter
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show | reduced; 50
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show | To increase beam hardness, thereby reducing patient skin dose and the dose to superficial tissues
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What type of filter should be used to provide uniform density when radiographing a foot in the dorsoplantar projection? | show 🗑
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To maximize reduction of radiation exposure to the patient following adequate immobilization, the radiographer should collimate the x-ray beam so that it is _______ shield the child’s reproductive organs when using a rare earth high speed film | show 🗑
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When using digital fluoroscopy systems, making use of the last-image-hold feature can: | show 🗑
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show | 75 to 110
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When performing a mobile fluoroscopic procedure, to reduce the radiation exposure to the patient, the radiographer must use a minimal source-to-skin distance of ____ cm (____ inches). | show 🗑
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show | 1, 2, and 3
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Current federal standards limit entrance skin exposure rates of general-purpose intensified fluoroscopic units to a maximum of _____ R/min (_____ × 2.58 × 10–4 C/kg/min). | show 🗑
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What is the cumulative effective dose (CumEfD) limit to the whole body of an occupationally exposed person who is 52 years old? (in rem) | show 🗑
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show | candela per sqaure meter
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When whole-body occupational exposure is controlled by keeping the effective dose (EfD) well below the upper boundary limit, the possibility of inducing stochastic effects of radiation is: Increased considerably,Increased slightly, or Minimized | show 🗑
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Epidemiologic studies of atomic bomb survivors exposed in utero have provided conclusive evidence of a dose-dependent increase in the incidence of severe mental retardation for fetal doses greater than approximately _____ Sv (_____ rem). | show 🗑
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show | No
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Effective dose (EfD) limits may be expressed for: 1. Whole-body exposure 2. Partial-body exposure 3. Exposure of individual organs | show 🗑
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Which of the following groups are radiation protection standards organizations? 1. ICRP 2. NCRP 3. UNSCEAR | show 🗑
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Why have scientists developed occupational and nonoccupational effective dose limits? | show 🗑
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What dose limit concerns the upper boundary dose of ionizing radiation that results in a negligible risk of bodily injury or genetic damage? | show 🗑
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The NCRP recommends that radiation exposure be kept at which of the following levels? | show 🗑
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show | NRC
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Determine the cumulative effective dose (CumEfD) to the whole body of an occupationally exposed person who is 27 years old. (milisieverts) | show 🗑
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show | Other industries that are generally considered reasonably safe
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show | 1.0 mSv
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Responsibilities of facility’s radiation safety officer include which of the following? 1. Developing an appropriate radiation safety program 2. Maintaining radiation monitoring records personnel 3. Repairing all broken or defective equipment | show 🗑
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show | 0.5 mSv, 5.0 mSv
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show | 50 mSv
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show | 1 and 2
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show | OSHA
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show | True
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show | 5 minutes
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show | higher
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show | 1,2, and 3
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show | 2.5
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The cassette front containing the carbon fiber absorbs approximately __ as much radiation vs aluminum or cardboard, resulting in a __ dose for the patient because ___ radiographic techniques are required to produce the image | show 🗑
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In standard image intensification fluoroscopy, an x-ray beam half-value layer (HVL) of 3 to 4 mm aluminum is considered acceptable when peak kilovoltage ranges from: | show 🗑
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Digital radiography images can be accessed at several workstations at the same time, making image viewing very convenient for physicians providing patient care True or False | show 🗑
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When an exposed CR imaging plate is ready to be processed, a reading unit is used to scan the imaging plate with a helium-neon laser beam resulting in emission of violet light that is changed into an electronic signal by a device called a__. | show 🗑
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show | True
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CR imaging has greater _______ flexibility than does conventional screen-film radiography. | show 🗑
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show | 1, 2, and 3
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When settings are changed from one mA to a neighboring mA station, the most that linearity can vary is _____% | show 🗑
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show | True
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show | Carbon fiber material
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Both alignment and length and width dimensions of the radiographic and light beams must correspond to within: | show 🗑
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What is the function of a filter in diagnostic radiology? | show 🗑
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HVL may be defined as the thickness of a designated absorber required to do what? | show 🗑
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A radiographic grid may be used more during CR imaging due to the photostimulable phosphor in the CR imaging plate being much more sensitive to scattered radiation before and after it is sensitized through exposure to a radiographic beam: True or False | show 🗑
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To minimize skin exposure to electrons produced by photon interaction with the collimator, how far below the collimator should the patient’s skin surface be? | show 🗑
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show | 2.5 mm aluminum equivalent
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show | scatter
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show | 5 mSv/year or .5 mSv/month
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show | Set standards for using radiation
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What percentage of the primary exposure to the patient will reach a radiographer standing 1 meter away? | show 🗑
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What is the effective dose limit a radiation worker may receive to his/her whole body in one year? | show 🗑
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show | scatter
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What publication recommends limits of exposure to ionizing radiation? | show 🗑
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Which of the following is a responsibility of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission? 1. Set x-ray manufacturing standards 2. Police manufacturing standards 3. Police the field of nuclear medicine | show 🗑
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show | .05 mSv/hr
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show | 2 meters
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show | Cumulative timer
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