Human Genetics, DNA Structure and Function, Gene Expression, Biotechnology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| incomplete dominance | no allele is completely dominant, heterozygous shows "blending"
🗑
|
||||
| codominance | when different alleles are present, phenotypes of both are expressed in their pure form
🗑
|
||||
| pleiotropy | one gene effects more than one phenotypic characteristics (e.g. Marfan Syndrome, Sickle Cell Anemia
🗑
|
||||
| Epistasis | expression of gene that may be masked by alleles from second gene
🗑
|
||||
| polygenic inheritance | phenotype by additive effects of 2 or more genes
🗑
|
||||
| DNA Polymerase | enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA; important in DNA replication
🗑
|
||||
| RNA Polymerase | an enzyme that is responsible for making RNA from DNA template
🗑
|
||||
| mRNA | A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins
🗑
|
||||
| tRNA | small RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosome for polymerization into the growing polypeptide chain when the anticodon of the tRNA pairs with a codon on the mRNA being translated
🗑
|
||||
| rRNA | a molecular component of a ribosome, the cells essential protein factory. Strictly speaking, it does not make proteins. It makes polypeptides that go to make up the proteins
🗑
|
||||
| introns | a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that does not code for proteins and interrupts the sequence of genes
🗑
|
||||
| exons | a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that together containing information coding for a protein or peptide sequence
🗑
|
||||
| transcription | nucleus; mRNA made by enzyme RNA Polymerase; RNA splicing; introns removed; exons left in; used as instruction for making protein
🗑
|
||||
| translation | cytoplasm-on ribosomes made of protein and mRNA; synthesis of protein using mRNA as instructions; must get proper order if amino acids; start/stop codons; requires tRNA
🗑
|
||||
| protein | end product of translation. It is made
🗑
|
||||
| silent mutation | changing 3rd nucleotide may change amino acid due to redundancy in the triplet code
🗑
|
||||
| missense mutation | changes one amino acid (usually from change in single nucleotide)
🗑
|
||||
| nonsense mutation | get stop codon instead of amino acid and translation stops too soon
🗑
|
||||
| frameshift | a deletion or insertion of nucleotides can change every amino acid that follows. Usually results in nonfunctional protein
🗑
|
||||
| progeria | premature aging disorde; nucleotide 1824 changed from C to T, mRNA and protein is incomplete
🗑
|
||||
| stem cells | undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can divide, through mitosis, to produce more stem cells
🗑
|
||||
| restriction enzymes | cut up foreign DNA, into fragments at specific locations, that gets into cell
🗑
|
||||
| Polymerase Chain Reaction | makes millions of copies of DNA, then sent for sequencing, visualized by gel electrophoresis, or cloned into a plasmid for further experiments
🗑
|
||||
| gene cloning | making copies of genes using bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| therapeutic cloning | obtain embryonic stem cells that are a genetic match to patient; combine donor egg with cell from patient
🗑
|
||||
| reproductive cloning | been done in sheep, horses, cattle, mice, cats, etc., against law for humans
🗑
|
||||
| transgenic organisms | an organism that expresses DNA from another species through recombinant technology. Can be single cell or multicellular.
🗑
|
||||
| gene therapy |
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
kellyannnicol
Popular Biology sets