Biology Test
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| dehydration synthesis | removal of H from 1 molecule and OH from a second molecule in order to connect the 2 molecules. (removing water)
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| synthesis | process of putting together small molecules to make larger molecules
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| hydrolysis | addition of H and OH in order to break covalent bond between molecules
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| function of carbohydrates | to provide energy
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| monomer of carbohydrates | saccharides
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| examples of simple sugars | monosaccharides= fructose, glucose
disaccharide= maltose, sucrose
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| examples of polysaccharides | glycogen- stored energy in animals
starch- stored energy in plants
cellulose- cell walls; not digestible; known as fiber
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| shape of carbohydrate | 5 or 6 sided ring
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| carbohydrate foods | fruits, veggies, legumes (for fiber)
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| function of lipids | pigments, sterols, waxes, energy
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| phospholipids function | cell membranes
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| saturated | fatty acids with C-C bonds; solids; animal fats
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| unsaturated | fatty acids with C=C bonds; liquids; plant fats
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| lipid foods | butter, lard, cooking oils, chicken skin, avocados
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| function of proteins | structural- bones, hair, feather, muscles, web
chemical- transportation (hemoglobin, glucose) , antibodies (immune system), Enzymes
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| monomer of proteins | amino acids
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| name of bond that holds amino acids together | peptide bond
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| protein foods | meat, fish, dairy, legumes, eggs
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| characteristics of life | metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, reproduction, develop, grow.
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| metabolism | all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism
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| heredity | passing of traits from parent to offspring
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| homeostasis | process that maintains an internal balance in the organism
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| reproduction | process where organisms make more of their own kinds; how DNA is given to offspring
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| develop | mature- organism changes from birth to death
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| grow | add more cells
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| 3 parts of the cell theory | 1. all organisms are made of 1 or more cells
2. cells are the basic function of all life
3. cells come from other cells
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| cell parts of prokaryotes | 1. cell wall
2. cell membrane
3. cytoplasm
4. ribosomes
5. DNA
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| difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes | eukaryotes= contain nucleus and organelles
prokaryotes= contain no nucleus and no organelles
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| ribosomes function | assemble proteins
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| cell wall function | structure and support (plants; cellulose)
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| DNA/chromosome function | directs making of proteins and reproduction
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| golgi function | packaging for distribution
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| mitochondria function | make cellular energy- ATP
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| chloroplasts function | assembles glucose- photosynthesis
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| cell membrane function | regulates what enters and leaves the cell
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| rER function | finishes off proteins
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| sER function | makes lipids and destroys poisons
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| central vacuole function | holds water and other ions (plants)
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| cytoplasm function | metabolism- where most chemical reactions occur; location of organelles
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| nucleolus function | assembles ribosomes
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| lysosomes function | hydrolysis- break down macromolecules
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| peroxisomes function | converts fats to carbs or changes toxins to benign
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| vesicles function | transports
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| in order to have a nucleus a cell needs a __________ ____________. | nuclear membrane
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| simple sugars are _________________ | monosaccharides
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| plants use ___________ to support their stems, leaves, and roots. | cellulose
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| in humans, cellulose serves as a source of _____________ | fiber
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| two factors that determine shape of protein | type and order of amino acids being used and the hydrogen bonds created due to the type and order of the amino acids.
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Created by:
etesta16
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