Protein Synthesis
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Genes are made up of ........ | DNA
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| DNA contains information in ....... .....? | coded form
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| The arrangement of the 4 different bases along the DNA strand will determine what type of .......... is made? | protein.
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| Sections of DNA containing bases are called .......? | genes
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| genes tell the body what type of ....... to make | protein
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| DNA is made inside the ......... but proteins are made outside the ....... | nucleus, nucleus
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| What 3 nucleotide bases are present in both DNA and RNA? | Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)
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| What base is only in DNA | Thymine (T)
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| What base is only in RNA | Uracil (U)
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| Protein synthesis is the ......... of proteins? | making of proteins
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| In Protein synthesis ......... ....... line up to form ....... | amino acids line up to form proteins.
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| What are the two processes involved in protein synthesis? | Transcription and Translation
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| What is Transcription and where does it take place? | When the code contained on the DNA molecule is rewritten into a mRNA molecule. Takes place in the nucleus.
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| The mRNA molecule is ......... | mobile
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| The mRNA leaves the ........ and enters the ........... | leaves the nucleus and enters the cytosol.
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| How does the mRNA move into the cytosol? | via the nuclear pores
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| The RNA e........ p........... causes the 2 strands of ........... to ............ | The RNA enzyme polymerase causes the 2 strands of DNA to unwind.
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| What does one of the chains act as? | A template
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| What is this template for? | A guide the construction of an RNA molecule.
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| The RNA enzyme polymearse moves along the ......... template. As it moves c........ n.......... are brought into place to make ...... ........ | DNA template
complementary nucleotides are brought into place to make an RNA chain.
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| A in DNA pairs with ....... in RNA | pairs with U in RNA
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| The enzyme ........ only a ......... length of DNA at a time | Transcribes only a gene length of DNA at a time
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| Enzyme recognizes ....... and ...... codes | START and STOP codes
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| Last Stage The newly formed ........ ........... moves through the ........ ........ into the ......... | The newly formed mRNA molecule moves through the nuclear pores into the cytosol.
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| 2nd stage? | Translation
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| What is Translation? | Translation is the decoding of genetic instructions to form a protein chain of amino acids.
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| The information in mRNA is coded as sets of three bases or triplets called........ | codons
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| These triplet code for a specific ........ ........ and also code for ........... and .......... translation instructions/codes | code for specific amino acids and also cod for START and STOP translation instructions/codes.
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| What happens when mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytosol? | It becomes attached to ribosomes
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| What happens in the ribosomes? | Protein chains are formed
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| What happens as the ribosome moves along the mRNA? | each codon is matches with it's complimentary anti-codon.
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| tRNA information is coded as sets of three bases or triplets called ....... ...... | anti-codons
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| Transfer RNA (tRNA) is attracted to the ...........? | attracted to the ribosome
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| What happens when the tRNA molecules move into the ribosome? | they bring in amino acids.
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| In Translation (mRNA and tRNA) A pairs with ...? | U (Uracil)
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| In Translation (mRNA and tRNA) G pairs with ...? | C (cytosine)
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| These amino acids join together to form a ....... .... ....... ........ or a polypeptide. | a chain of amino acids or a polypeptide
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| Ribosomes are made up of ......... and ...........? | rRNA and proteins
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zarap103
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