Final - Memory aids for viruses
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| List the live attenuated viral vaccines | Measles, mumps, rubella, sabin polio, VZV, yellow fever, small pox, adenovirus
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| List the killed viral vaccines | Rabies, influenza, salk polio, HAV. EGG-BASED Vaccines: Flu, MMR, Yellow fever (also a live attenuated vax available)
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| The HBV vaccination is what type of vaccination? | Recombinant. Made with recombinate HBsAG
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| Describe the 4 mechanism of viral genetic variation | Recombination: exchange of genes b/w 2 chromosomes by crossing over w/i regions of homology. 2) reassortment: When virus with segmented genomes (influenza), exchange segments. CAUSE OF PANDEMICS 3) Complementation: ie HEP D and HEP B, 4) Phenotypic mixing
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| Negative stranded RNA viruses (mnemonic) | "Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication": Arenavirus, bunyavirus, Paramyxovirus, Orthomyxavirus, filovirus, rhabdovirus
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| DNA Viruses (mnemonic) | HHAPPPy: Herpesvirus, Hepadnaviridae, Adenovirus, Papova, Poxviridae, Parvovirus
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| All DNA viruses have DS dna except: | Parvovirus
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| Naked DNA and RNA Viruses (mnemonic) | Get naked for PAP smears and PCRs: PAP = Naked DNA: Parvovirus, Adenovirus, Papovirus. PCR = Naked RNA: Picorna, Calcivirus, reovirus
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| All DNA viruses are linear EXCEPT FOR: | Papova (circular/supercoiled) and Hepadna (circular, incomplete)
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| All DNA viruses are icosahedral except: | Pox (complex shape). Carries its down DNA dependent RNA polymerase
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| What DNA virus carries its own DNA dependent RNA polymerase? | Poxvirus. Because of this, it can replicate in the cytoplasm. It is the only virus that does this.
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| ALL DNA viruses replicate in the _____ except for _____ | All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus except for poxvirus, who has its own DNA dependent RNA pol
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| List the segmented viruses (mnemonic) | BOAR. ALL are RNA viruses. Bunyavirus, orthomyxovirus (influenza), Arenavirus, Reovirus.
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| List the picornaviruses. What type of DNA/RNA do they contain? (mnemonic) | (+)ssRNA, naked. Remember this as picoRNAvirus. Remember the viruses as "PERCH":Polio, echo, rhino, Coxsackie, HAV
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| What sx can be caused by the mumps virus? | Prostitis, Orchitis, (testical inflammation), aseptic meningitis. Can cause sterility (esp after puberty)
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| Koplik spots are seen in what viral infection | Measles
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| A genetic SHIFT is asso with what type of flu outbreak (epidemic or pandemic?), Genetic drift? | Shift = Panemic. Drift = epidemic. A Sudden SHIFT is more deadly than a graDual Drift.
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| What antivirus is used for influenza A? Influenza B? | A: Amantadine and rimantidine. zanamivir and oseltamavir (neuroaminidase inhibitors) can be used for both A and B
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| List the Arboviruses (mnemonic) | Flavivirus, togavirus, bunyavirus (FTB), Fever transmitted by bites. Causes of dengue and yellow fever (flavivirus) hemorrhagic fever)
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| What is the vector of yellow fever? What virus? | Aedes mosquito. Flavivirus. High fever, black vomit, jaundice, and acidophilic inclusions (councilman bodies) in the liver
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| Sx of yellow fever | black vomit, jaundice, and acidophilic inclusions (councilman bodies) in the liver
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| What hepatitis is associate with cancer? | Hep C. Cirrhosis, Caricinoma, Carrier, Chronic
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| What hepatitis virus is a flavivirus? | Hep C (+)ssRNA
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| What mutation encodes for immunity to HIV? | CCR5. Homozygous: immune. Hetero: slower course
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| What serologic marker indicates transmissibility of hep B? | HBeAg. second antigenic determinentof HBV core (first is HBcAg). antibody to this marked by the presence of HBeAb indicates LOW transmissiability
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| What dose HBeAg indicate? | It is a antigen determinent of the core protein of HBV used as an indicator transmissibilty. If it is present with no antibody to it (no HBeAb) then it the HBV is transmissible. (+)HBeAb = low transmissability.
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