Chpt. 4 The Human Body
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| anatomy | the study of body structure
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| psysiology | the study of body function
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| anatomical position | body standing,facing observer, with arms down at the sides, palms forward
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| plane | a flat surface formed when slicing through an object
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| midline | an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it in two halves
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| medial | toward the midline of the body
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| lateral | to the side, away from the midline of the body
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| bilateral | on both sides
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| mid-auxillary line | line drawn verticaly from middle of the armpit to the ankle
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| anterior | the front of the body or body part
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| posterior | the back of the body or body part
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| ventral | referring to the front of the body synomym
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| dorsal | back of the body synomym
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| superior | toward the head
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| inferior | away from the head
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| proximal | closer to the torso
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| distal | farther away from the torso
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| torso | the trunk of the body, body without the head and trunk
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| palmar | the palm of the hand
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| planter | the sole of the foot
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| mid-clavicular line | the line trough the center of each clavicle
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| adominal qadrants | four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of injury:RUQ,LUQ,RLQ,LLQ
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| supine | lying on back
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| prone | lying face down
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| recovery position | lying on th side
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| fowlers position | sitting position
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| trendelenburg position | patients feet and legs are higher than the head
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| musculoskeletal system | system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement
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| skeleton | the bones of the body
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| muscle | tissue that can contact to allow movement of a body part
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| ligament | tissue that connects bone to bone
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| tendon | tissue that connects muscle to bone
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| skull | the bony structure of the head
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| cranium | the top back and sides of the skull
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| mandible | the lower jawbone
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| maxillae | two fused bones forming the lower jawbone
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| nasal bones | the nose bones
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| orbits | the bony structures around the eyes
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| zygomatic arches | form the structure of the checks
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| vertebrae | the 33 bones of the spinal column
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| thorax | the chest
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| sternum | the breastbone
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| manubrium | the superior portion of the sternum
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| xiphoid process | the inferior portion of the sternum
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| pelvis | the basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attatchment for the lower extremities
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| ilium | the superior and widest portion of the pelvis
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| ischium | the lower, posterior portion of the pelvis
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| pubis | medial anterior portion of the pelvis
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| acetabulum | the pelvic socket in which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint
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| femur | the large bone of the thigh
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| patella | the kneecap
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| tibia | the medial and larger bone of the lower leg
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| fibula | the lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg
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| malleolus | protrusion on the side of the ankle
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| tarsals | the ankle bones
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| metatarsals | the foot bones
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| calcaneus | the heel bone
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| phalanges | the toe bones and finger bones
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| clavicle | the collarbone
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| scapula | the shoulder blade
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| acromion process | the highest portion of the shoulder
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| acromioclavicular joint | the joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet
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| humerus | bone of the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow
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| radius | the lateral bone of the forearm
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| ulna | the medial bone of the forearm
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| carpals | the wrist bones
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| metacarpals | the hand bones
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| joint | the point where two bones come together
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| voluntary muscle | muscle that can be consciously controlled
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| involuntary muscle | muscle that responds automaticly to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled
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| cardiac muscle | specialized involuntary muscle found only in the heart
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| automaticity | the ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own
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| respiratory system | system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide
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| oropharynx | the area directly posterior to the nose
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| pharynx | the area directly posterior to the mouth and nose, and is made up of the oropharynx and the nasopharynx
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| epiglottis | leaf shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea
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| larynx | the voice box
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| cricoid cartilage | the ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx
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| trachea | windpipe; structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs
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| lungs | the organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen
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Created by:
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