Apologia General Science Module 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| A shovel is an example of a lever. To what class does a shovel belong? | third-class
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| A child's see-saw is a lever. To what class does it belong? | first-class
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| How is applied science different from science? | in motive. In applied science, the goal is to make something better. In science, the goal is simply to learn.
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| What gives rise to technology? | accident, science, or applied science
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| List the six types of simple machines. | lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, and screw
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| Which two simple machines look identical? | inclined plane and the single wedge
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| What is the mechanical advantage of a first-class lever in which the fulcrum is 10 inches from the resistance and 40 inches from the effort? | M=distance from fulcrum to effort/distance from fulcrum to resistance
M=40/10=4
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| If you are having a hard time turning a screw, should you get a longer screwdriver or a fatter one? | fatter. The MA is dependent on the circumference of the screwdriver.
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| Science is motivated by the desire to __________ | understand.
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| In applied science, experiments are aimed at trying to find something _____________ | useful.
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| Technology is often the result of __________, __________________, or _____________. | accident, applied science, or science.
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| Experiments designed to determine why lightning bugs glow would be considered _________ experiments. | science.
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| Experiments designed to produce a device that glows like a lightning bug would be __________________. | applied science
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| If ever produced, the actual device would be considered __________________ | technology
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| The ______________ consists of a bar and a fulcrum. | lever
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| The ___________ consists of a wheel that connects to a cylinder. | wheel and axle
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| A ______________ consists of a wheel over which a rope or chain moves. | pulley
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| An _______________ is simply a ramp. | inclined plane
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| An inclined plane looks just like a ____________ but the difference is based on where the effort is exerted. | wedge
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| The effort is exerted along the ___________ of an inclined plane, but it is exerted against the _______________ of a wedge. | slope, short side
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| A ____________ is composed of an inclined plane wrapped around the cylinder of a _______________. | screw, wheel and axle
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| In a first class lever, the ____________ is between the effort and resistance. | fulcrum
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| The fulcrum ____________ the direction of the effort and magnifies the ____________. | changes, force
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| In a second-class lever, the _______________ is between the fulcrum and the effort. | resistance
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| The resistance in a second-class lever __________ the direction of the effort and magnifies the ___________. | does not change, force
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| In a third-class lever, the _________ is between the fulcrum and resistance. | effort
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| The effort in a 3rd class lever _________________ the direction of the effort and magnifies ______________. | does not change, speed
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| You can determine the mechanical advantage of a lever with the equation: | MA=(distance from fulcrum to effort) / (distance from fulcrum to resistance)
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| A single, fixed pulley offers no _____________, but it does ______________ the direction of the force. | mechanical advantage, change
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| If several pulleys are put together in a block-and-tackle system, there is a ____________, but you "pay" for it by needing to _________________. | mechanical advantage, pull more rope
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| The force with which you pull on a block-and-tackle system is multiplied by the _______________ in the system. | number of pulleys
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| If you turn the wheel of a wheel and axle, the mechanical advantage magnifies the ____________ of the effort. | force
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| If you turn the axle of a wheel and axle, the mechanical advantage magnifies the _____________ of the effort. | speed
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| The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle can be calculated with the equation: | MA=(diameter of the wheel) / (diameter of the axle)
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| In an inclined plane, you can lift an object using less _____________, but you must push it over a _________________ distance. | force, longer
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| A ________________ looks just like an inclined plane, but it is used to separate things. | wedge
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| You can calculate the mechanical advantage of either a wedge or an inclined plane with the equation: | MA=(length of slope) / (height)
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| The mechanical advantage of a screw is calculated with the following equation: | MA=(circumference) / (pitch)
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| When grasping the screw's head, you use the circumference of the ______________. | screw's head
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| When using a screwdriver, you use the circumference of the ______________ | screwdriver
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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