Chapter 10 Vocabulary
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| Adams Apple | the projection at the front of the neck formed by the thyroid cartilage of the larynx, often prominent in men
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| Agonal respirations | gasping type of respirations that have no pattern and occur frequently; a sign of cardiac or respiratory arrest
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| Alveolar Ventilation | the amount of inspired air that reached the alveoli of the lungs
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| Alveoli | the air sacks in the lungs Pl of alveolus
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| Automatic Transport ventilator | a positive pressure ventilation device that delivers ventilations automatically
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| Bag Valve Mask | positive ventilations devise that consist of a bag with a nonrebreather valve
and a mask, the bag is squeezed to deliver ventilations
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| Bilaterally | On both sides
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| Bilevel positive airway pressure | a form of nonivasive positive pressure ventilation. The BIPAP device delivers a continuous flow of air under pressure
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| Bradypnea | a breathing rate that is lower than normal
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| Bronchi | the two main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs providing the passageway for air movement
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| Bronchioles | small branches of the bronchi
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| Carina | the point at which the trachea splits into the left and right main stem bronchi
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| Chemoreceptors | receptors that constantly monitor the arterial content of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and the blood PH
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| Continuous Positive Airway Pressure | The CRAP device delivers a continuous flow of air under pressure
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| Cricoid Cartilage | The most inferior portion of the larynx and only full cartilaginous ring of the upper airway. It is felt immediately below the Thyroid Cartilage
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| Cricoid Pressure | Pressure applied to the Cricoid Cartilage to compress the esophagus. Also called "Sellick Maneuver"
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| Crossed Finger Technique | A tech and in which the thumb and index fingers on the jaw making a snapping motion to open the jaw
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| Crowing | A sound similar to that of a cawing crow that indicates that the muscles around the larynx are in spasm and beginning to narrow the opening to the trachea
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| Cyanosis | A blue-gray color of the mucous membranes and/or skin which indicates inadequate oxygenation or poor perfusion
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| Dead air space | anatomical areas in the respiratory track where the air collects during inhalation but no gas exchange
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| Deoxygenated | Containing low amounts of oxygen, as with Venous blood
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| Diaphram | The major muscle of respiration that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity
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| Epiglottis | a small leafed shaped flap of cartilaginous fissue located posterior to the root of the tongue (protects trachea from food/water)
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| Esophagus | passageway at the lower end of the pharynx that leads to the stomach
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| Exhalation/Expiration | The passive process of breathing air out the lungs
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| External Respiration | The gas exchange process that occurs between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries
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| Flow-restricted,oxygen-powered ventilation Device | a device that consist of a ventilation valve and trigger or button and is driven by oxygen
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| French Catheter- Scott Catheter | a thin tube made from medical grade materials serving a broad range of functions. Catheters are medical devices that can be inserted in the body to treat diseases or perform a surgical procedure
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| Gastric Distention | Inflation of the stomach
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| Gurgling | a gurgling sound that indicates a fluid is in the mouth or pharynx
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| Hard Catheter - Rigid Catheter | a rigid plastic tube that is a part of a suctioning system commonly refereed to as a tonsil tip or tonsil sucker
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| Head-tilt, chin-lift manuver | a manual technique used to open airway
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| Hemoglobin | a complex protein molecule found on the surface of the red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen
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| High-pressure regulator | a one gauge regulator that is used to power the flow restricted, oxygen powered ventilation device. Flow rate CAN'T be adjusted
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| Hypofusion Shock -SHOCK | the insufficient delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to some of the body's cells inadequate elimination of carbon dioxide and other waste that result from inadequate circulation of blood.
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| Hydoxemia | a low oxygen content in arterial blood
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| Hypoxia | a reduced oxygen delivery to the tissue
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| Inhalation/Insipiration | The active process of breathing air into the lungs
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| Intercostal Muscles | The muscles in between the ribs
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| Internal resperations | the gas exchange process that occurs between the cells and the cappilaries
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| Jaw-thrust maneuver | a maneuver technique used to open the airway in the patient with a suspected spinal injury
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| Laryngectomy | A surgical procedure in which a patients larynx is partially or completely removed. A Stoma is created
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| Larynx | structures that house the vocal cords and is located inferior to the pharynx and superior to the trachea
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| Lower Airway | The portion of the respiratory system that extends from the trachea to the alveoli of the lungs
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| Minute Volume | the amount of air you breathe in one minute
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| Mucous Membrane | A thin layer of tissue that lines various structures within the body
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| nasal cannala | the oxygen delivery device that consists of two prongs that are inserted into the nose of the patient. 22-44% oxygen received.
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| Nasopharyngeal airway | a curved, hollow rubber tube with a flange or flare at the top and a bevel at the distal end that is inserted into the nose
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| oropharynx | the central portion of the pharynx lying between a soft plate and the epiglottis with the mouth as the opening
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| oxygen humidifier | a container that is filled with sterile water and connected to the oxygen regulator to add moisture
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| Oxygenated | Containing high amounts of oxygen, as with arterial blood
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| Oxygenation | the form of respiration where the blood uses its oxygen then it gets
oxygen as it runs through the capillaries
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| Parietal pleura | the outermost pleural layer that adheres to the chest wall
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| Partial rebreather mask | an oxygen delivery device similar to a non breather but the patient breathes 2/3 of the bag oxygen and the rest from the air
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| Patent airway | an airway that is open and clear of any obstructions
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| Pharynx | the throat, or passageway for air from the nasal cvity to the larynx and passage way for food
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| Pleura | two layers of connective tissue that surrounds the lungs
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| Pleural Space | a small space between the visceral and parietal pleura that is at pressure and filled with the serous fluid
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| Positive pressure ventilation | method of aiding a patients whos breathing is inadequate by forcing air into his lungs
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| Pressure regulator | a device that reduces the high pressure in the oxygen cylinder to a safe range 1-15 lpm
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| Residual Volume | the air remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
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| Respiration | the exchange of gasses in the organs (lungs, capillaries)
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| Respiratory aresst | Complete stoppage of breathing - Also called Apnea
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| Respiratory Distress | Increase respiratory effort resulting from impaired respiratory function, while tidal volume and respiratory rate
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| Respiratory Failure | Insufficient respiratory rate and or tidal volume
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| Respiratory Rate | The number of breathes taken in one minute
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| Retractions | depressions in the neck, above the clavicles between the ribsXXXXXXXX
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| Rigid Catheter | A rigid plastic tube that is part of a suctioning system
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| Serous Fluid | Fluid that acts as a lubricant to reduce the friction between the parietal and visceral pleura
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| Simple Face Mask | A barrier device used in infection control.
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| Snoring | is the sound that is heard when the base of the tongue blocks the airway
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| Soft catheter | flexible tubing that is pat of the suctioning system also called french catheter
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| Stoma | a permanent surgical opening to the neck and trachea
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| Stridor | A harsh, high pitched sound heard on inspiration that indicates swelling of the larynx or obstruction of the airway
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| Tachypnea | breathing that is faster then normal
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| Therapy regulator | A device that controls the flow and pressure of oxygen from the tank to allow for a consistent flow of oxygen
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| Thyroid Cartilage | the bulky cartilage that forms the anterior portion of the larynx (adams apple)
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| Tidal Volume | the amount of air breathed in and out in one normal respiration
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| Tonsil tip/tonsil sucker | rigid suction catheter
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| Trachea | the tubelike structure that leads from the larynx to the lungs
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| Tracheostomy | a surgical opening in the trachea
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| Tracheostomy Mask | A mask that covers the opening in the patients neck which the Cannula-Tracheostomy goes through
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| Tracheostomy tube | a hollow tube that is inserted into the tracheostomy to allow the patient to breathe
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| Upper Airway | The portion of the respiratory system that extends from the nose and mouth to the larynx
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| Ventilation | the mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs
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| Venturi Mask | High flow oxygen mask----concentrated oxygen
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| Visceral Pleura | Inermost layer of the pleura that covers the lungs
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