Chemistry of Life
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| element | one particular type of atom, and it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary or chemical means
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| atom | the smallest basic unit of life
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| compound | a substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio
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| ionic bond | forms through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions
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| covalent bond | forms when atoms share a pair of electrons
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| molecule | two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
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| hydrogen bond | an attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom, often oxygen or nitrogen
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| cohesion | the attraction among molecules of same substances
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| adhesion | the attraction among molecules of different substances
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| solution | a mixture of substances that is the same throughout- it is a homogeneous mixture
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| solvent | the substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves another solution
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| solute | a substance that dissolves in a solvent
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| acid | a compound that release a proton- a hydrogen atom- when it dissolves in water
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| bases | compounds that remove H+ ions from the solution
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| pH | measures the acidity of a solution's H+ ion concentration
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| monomer | each subunit in the complete molecule
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| polymer | a large molecule, or macromolecule, made of monomers bonded together
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| carbohydrates | molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches
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| lipids | nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol
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| fatty acids | chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
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| protein | a polymer made of monomers called amino acids
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| amino acids | molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
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| nucleic acids | polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides`
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| chemical reactions | change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds
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| reactants | the substances changes during a chemical reaction
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| products | the substances made by a chemical reaction
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| bond energy | the amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms
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| equilibrium | reached when both the reactants and products are made at the same rate
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| activation energy | the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for a chemical reaction to start
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| exothermic | a chemical reaction in which it releases more energy that is absorbs
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| endothermic | a chemical reaction in which it absorbs more energy than it releases
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| catalyst | a substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction and, as a result, also increases the rate of the chemical reaction
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| enzymes | catalysts for chemical reactions in living things
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| substrates | the specific reactants that an enzyme acts on
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| ion | an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons
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Created by:
harolds21
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